Genes, gene clusters, and biosynthesis of trichothecenes and fumonisins in<i>Fusarium</i>

Alexander, Nancy J.; Proctor, Robert H.; McCormick, Susan P.

doi:10.1080/15569540903092142

Cited by 245 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…We examined the pathway genes of wellcharacterized mycotoxins, including trichothecene (Alexander et al, 2009), zearalenone (Kim et al, 2005;Gaffoor and Trail, 2006), and aurofusarin (Malz et al, 2005). Our expression data show that almost no DON biosynthesis genes were induced during the infection of coleoptiles ( Figure 2E; see Supplemental Figure 10 online), suggesting that F. graminearum might not employ DON releasing as a coleoptile infection strategy.…”

Section: Specific Secondary Metabolite Clusters Were Induced At 64 Haimentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

et al. 2012

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The ascomycete Fusarium graminearum is a destructive fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum). To better understand how this pathogen proliferates within the host plant, we tracked pathogen growth inside wheat coleoptiles and then examined pathogen gene expression inside wheat coleoptiles at 16, 40, and 64 h after inoculation (HAI) using laser capture microdissection and microarray analysis. We identified 344 genes that were preferentially expressed during invasive growth in planta. Gene expression profiles for 134 putative plant cell wall-degrading enzyme genes suggest that there was limited cell wall degradation at 16 HAI and extensive degradation at 64 HAI. Expression profiles for genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related enzymes suggest that F. graminearum primarily scavenges extracellular ROS before a later burst of extracellular ROS is produced by F. graminearum enzymes. Expression patterns of genes involved in primary metabolic pathways suggest that F. graminearum relies on the glyoxylate cycle at an early stage of plant infection. A secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene cluster was specifically induced at 64 HAI and was required for virulence. Our results indicate that F. graminearum initiates infection of coleoptiles using covert penetration strategies and switches to overt cellular destruction of tissues at an advanced stage of infection.

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Section: Specific Secondary Metabolite Clusters Were Induced At 64 Haimentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

et al. 2012

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“…Since mycotoxins can cause severe diseases (Bennett and Klich, 2003;Desjardins and Proctor, 1999;Qiaomei et al, 2006), it is important to assess the presence and concentration of mycotoxins in food and feed. Fumonisins B (FBs) have been studied in detail (Alexander et al, 2009;Leslie et al, 1996;Leslie et al, 1992;Proctor et al, 2003;Proctor et al, 1999). They are produced mainly by F. verticillioides (Sacc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and mycotoxin production of Fusarium lactis species complex isolates from sweet pepper

Poucke¹,

Monbaliu

Munaut

et al. 2012

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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An internal fruit rot disease of sweet peppers was first detected in Belgium in 2003. Research conducted mostly in Canada indicates that this disease is primarily caused by Fusarium lactis Pirotta. Ninety-eight Fusarium isolates obtained from diseased sweet peppers from Belgium, as well as from other countries (Canada, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom) were identified by sequencing the translation elongation factor 1α (EF).Of these 98 isolates, 13 were identified as F. oxysporum Schltdl., nine as F. proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg and two belonged to clade 3 of the F. solani species complex. Of the 74 remaining isolates, the EF sequence showed 97 to 98% similarity to F. lactis. Of these isolates, the β-tubulin (TUB), calmodulin (CAM) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) genes were also sequenced. Analysis of the combined sequences revealed that the 74 isolates share nine combined sequences that correspond to nine multilocus sequence types (STs), while the F. lactis neotype strain and one other strain, both isolated from figs, form a separate ST. Together, these 10 STs represent a monophyletic F. lactis species complex (FLASC).An unusually high level of genetic diversity was observed between (groups of) these STs. Two of them (ST5 and ST6) fulfilled the criteria for species recognition based on genealogical exclusivity and together represent a new monophyletic species lineage (FLASC-1). The seven other STs, together with the F. lactis neotype ST, form a paraphyletic species lineage in the African clade of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC). From each of the 10 STs, the mycotoxin production was assessed using a multi-mycotoxin liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method. Out of the 27 analyzed mycotoxins, beauvericin and fumonisins were detected in sweet pepper tissue and in maize kernels. The 10 STs clearly differed in the amount of mycotoxin produced, but there was only limited congruence between the production profile and the phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, the morphological characterization (based on mycelial growth rate and the length of macroconidia) showed distinct differences between the 10 STs, but again there was limited congruence with the phylogenetic results.In conclusion, the data presented in this study demonstrate that 75% of the isolates obtained from sweet pepper with internal fruit rot belong to a F. lactis species complex (FLASC), including a new FLASC-1 monophyletic species, and that the members of this complex display great genetic and phenotypic diversity.

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“…Because fusaria are broadly resistant to most of the currently available antifungals, particularly high levels of mortality occur in patients who are persistently neutropenic (4). The greatest impact of Fusarium species on veterinary science is due to the diverse mycotoxicoses that they cause in animals that consume feed contaminated with fusarial toxins, such as trichothecenes, fumonisins, and estrogenic compounds (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Veterinary Fusarioses within the United States

et al. 2016

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dMultilocus DNA sequence data were used to assess the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of 67 Fusarium strains from veterinary sources, most of which were from the United States. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the strains comprised 23 phylogenetically distinct species, all but two of which were previously known to infect humans, distributed among eight species complexes. The majority of the veterinary isolates (47/67 ‫؍‬ 70.1%) were nested within the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC), and these included 8 phylospecies and 33 unique 3-locus sequence types (STs). Three of the FSSC species (Fusarium falciforme, Fusarium keratoplasticum, and Fusarium sp.

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Genes, gene clusters, and biosynthesis of trichothecenes and fumonisins inFusarium

Cited by 245 publications

References 116 publications

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

Genetic diversity and mycotoxin production of Fusarium lactis species complex isolates from sweet pepper

Veterinary Fusarioses within the United States

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