Genes Directing Flower Development in Arabidopsis

Dennis, E. S.; Peacock, Judith A.

doi:10.1105/tpc.19.00276

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In tomato, the regulation of stamen development seems to be more complicated than that in Arabidopsis. When the class B genes including AP3 or PI in Arabidopsis were mutated, the petals turned into sepals, and the stamens were missing or turned into carpels [26]. In tomato, there are four homologous class B genes: TAP3, TM6, TPI and TPIB.…”

Section: Tm29mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

SLGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Meristem Termination in Tomato

Yang

touqeer

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Flower development affects fruit production directly in tomato. Despite the framework mediated by ABC genes have been established in Arabidopsis, the spatiotemporal precision of floral development in tomato has not been well examined.Results: Here, we analyzed a novel tomato mutant in which the normal development of stamens and carpels failed, resulting in ectopic formation of floral and shoot apical meristem in the fourth whorl position, which later developed into stem-and leaf-like structures. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), we assigned the causal mutation to the gene SLGT11 that encodes a transcription factor belonging to Trihelix gene family. Further RNAi silencing of SLGT11 verified the defective phenotypes of slf mutant. The failed termination of floral meristem and the occurrence of floral reversion in slf mutant indicate that SLGT11 functions as a non-canonical C type gene. Furthermore, we found that the defects in slf were substantially enhanced at higher temperature, with petals transformed into sepals, all stamens disappeared, and increased frequency of ectopic floral meristem. Conclusions: Together with the spatiotemporal expression pattern, we suggest that SLGT11 functions in floral organ patterning and termination of floral meristem identity in tomato. Arabidopsis, the activity of floral meristem is maintained through the WUSCHEL-CLAVATA (WUS-CLV) signaling pathway until carpel primordial is initiated [1]. In later stage of flower development (starting from stage), AGAMOUS (AG) represses WUS through activating KNUCKLES (KNU) directly in floral meristem to ensure the correct progression of further floral development [2, 3]. A large number of regulators such as PAN, ULT1, RBL, SQN, SUP, SEP3, ARF3, MIF and CRC, participate in floral regulation by direct or indirect regulation of WUS activity [4-13]. These regulators form the complex network interplaying with plant hormones during the floral development. It was found that ARF3 is regulated by auxin, AG and AP2 in developing flowers, which represses cytokinin activity to inhibit 3 WUS [14]. The mechanisms of floral development could also be conserved among species. For example, it was found KNU interacts with MIF to regulate WUS expression and this mechanism is conservative between Arabidopsis and tomato [12]. Flower reversion is an unusual process in which the committed flower development is reverted back to vegetative growth, resulting in outgrowth of leaf or inflorescence structures emerged from the first flower [1]. This phenomenon is often related to varied environmental conditions, such as temperature and photoperiod. For example, such floral reversion was observed in lfy-6 and ag-1 mutants of Arabidopsis grown in short days [15]. Besides over expression of AGL24 also causes ectopic inflorescence development [16]. Floral reversion was also observed in the natural allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica, in which abnormal expression of floral genes, including AGL24, AP1, SVP and SOC1 was detected [17, 18]. Unlike Arabidopsis, LFY, TFL1...

show abstract

Section: Tm29mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Arabidopsis, B class genes AP3 and PI can form protein complex with C class gene AG and E class gene SEPs to promote stamen development. The carpel formation is regulated by both C class gene AG and E class gene SEPs [26,27]. Compared to Arabidopsis, tomato genome has more homologous ABCDE genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SLGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Meristem Termination in Tomato

Yang

touqeer

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to the ABC model, the sepal is specified by A function genes, the petal is determined by A+B function genes, the stamen is controlled by the B+C function genes, and the carpel is specified by the C class of genes (Coen and Meyerowitz, 1991;Weigel and Meyerowitz, 1994;Fourquin and Ferrandiz, 2012). In Arabidopsis, the AGAMOUS (AG) gene is the C class of gene that determines the carpel identity, specifies stamen identity with B-function genes, inhibits A-function genes and controls floral meristem determinacy (Bowman et al, 1989;Bowman et al, 1991;Mizukami and Ma, 1992;Mizukami and Ma, 1995). Subsequent studies showed that SEPALLATA (SEP) genes, expressing in four floral whorls, act as co-factors with ABC homeotic genes in specifying all types of floral organs (Theissen and Saedler, 2001;Favaro et al, 2003;Robles and Pelaz, 2005;Ruelens et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the functions in fruit opening and ripening, SHP genes play important roles in floral organ determination Vrebalov et al, 2009;Chi et al, 2017). In Arabidopsis, a redundant roles of SHP1/2 and AG were found to promote carpel development, and overexpression of SHP2 was sufficient to rescue the stamen and carpel phenotypes in the ag mutant (stamens were replaced with petals and carpels were replaced by new abnormal flowers) (Bowman et al, 1989;Pinyopich et al, 2003). Transient knockdown of NbSHP in tobacco exhibited unfused pistils, and increased number of styles and stigmas (Fourquin and Ferrandiz, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MADS-Box Gene CsSHP Participates in Fruit Maturation and Floral Organ Development in Cucumber

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cucumber is an important vegetable crop bearing fleshy pepo fruit harvested immature. Fruits left unpicked in time during summer production, as well as unfavorable environmental conditions during post-harvest shelf, will cause cucumber fruits to turn yellow and ripen, and thus impair the market value. Identification of maturity-related genes is of great agricultural and economic importance for cucumber production. Here, we isolated and characterized a MADS-box gene, Cucumis sativus SHATTERPROOF (CsSHP) in cucumber. Expression analysis indicated that CsSHP was specifically enriched in reproductive organs including stamens and carpels. Ectopic expression of CsSHP was unable to rescue the indehiscence silique phenotype of shp1 shp2 mutant plant in Arabidopsis. Instead, overexpression of CsSHP resulted in early flowering, precocious phenotypes, and capelloid organs in wild-type Arabidopsis. Biochemical analysis indicated that CsSHP directly interacted with cucumber SEPALLATA (SEP) proteins. CsSHP expression increased significantly during the yellowing stage of cucumber ripening, and was induced by exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA). Therefore, CsSHP may participate in fruit maturation through the ABA pathway and floral organ specification via interaction with CsSEPs to form protein complex in cucumber.

show abstract

“…The carpels formation is regulated by both C class gene AG and E class genes SEPs. The interference of ABCDE genes leads to confusion in the identity of oral organs [3,5]. Compared with Arabidopsis, tomato genome has more homologous ABCDE genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SlGT11 Controls Floral Organ P atterning and F loral Determinacy in Tomato

Yang

touqeer

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Flower development directly affects fruit production in tomato. Despite the framework mediated by ABC genes have been established in Arabidopsis, the spatiotemporal precision of floral development in tomato has not been well examined.Results: Here, we analyzed a novel tomato stamenless like flower (slf) mutant in which the development of stamens and carpels is disturbed, with carpelloid structure formed in the third whorl and ectopic formation of floral and shoot apical meristem in the fourth whorl. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), we assigned the causal mutation to the gene Solanum lycopersicum GT11 (SlGT11) that encodes a transcription factor belonging to Trihelix gene family. SlGT11 is expressed in the early stages of the flower and the expression becomes more specific to the primordium position corresponding to stamens and carpels in later stages of the floral development. Further RNAi silencing of SlGT11 verifies the defective phenotypes of the slf mutant. The carpelloid stamen in slf mutant indicates that SlGT11 functions like as a B-type gene in the third whorl. The failed termination of floral meristem and the occurrence of floral reversion in slf indicate that SlGT11 also functions as a C-type gene in the fourth whorl. Furthermore, we find that at higher temperature, the defects of slf mutant are substantially enhanced, with petals transformed into sepals, all stamens disappeared, and the frequency of ectopic shoot/floral meristem in fourth whorl increased, indicating that SlGT11 may have the function of tomato B and E class gene in the development of second and fourth whorls.Conclusions: Together with the spatiotemporal expression pattern, we suggest that SlGT11 functions in floral organ patterning and maintenance of floral determinacy in tomato.

show abstract

Genes Directing Flower Development in Arabidopsis

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

SLGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Meristem Termination in Tomato

SLGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Meristem Termination in Tomato

The MADS-Box Gene CsSHP Participates in Fruit Maturation and Floral Organ Development in Cucumber

SlGT11 Controls Floral Organ P atterning and F loral Determinacy in Tomato

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About