Genes and Weightlifting Performance

Kikuchi, Naoki; Moreland, Ethan; Homma, Hiroki; Semenova, Ekaterina A.; Larin, Andrey K.; Kobatake, Naoyuki; Yusupov, Rinat A.; Okamoto, Takanobu; Nakazato, Koichi; Williams, Alun G.; Generozov, Edward V.; Ahmetov, Ildus I.

doi:10.3390/genes13010025

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, of this panel of markers, some of protective alleles have been reported to be over-represented in elite sprinters ( E2F3 rs4134943 T, FHL2 rs55680124 C, GDF5 rs143384 G, SLC39A8 rs13107325 C, and ZNF568 rs1667369 A) [ 56 ] and elite strength athletes ( ADCY3 rs10203386 T, ADPGK rs4776614 C, MMS22L rs9320823 T and ZKSCAN5 rs3843540 C) [ 57 ] compared to controls. Furthermore, GBF1 rs2273555 G, MLN rs12055409 G, and MMS22L rs9320823 T alleles (all protective) were found to be positively associated with weightlifting performance [ 58 , 59 ]. One of markers (rs3734254) is located in the PPARD gene which is in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the PPARD rs2016520 SNP, which has been previously associated with endurance athlete status [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Genomic Predictors of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using UK Biobank Data

et al. 2023

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The substantial decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and gait speed is a sign of severe sarcopenia, which may partly depend on genetic risk factors. So far, hundreds of genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with handgrip strength, lean mass and walking pace have been identified in the UK Biobank cohort; however, their pleiotropic effects on all three phenotypes have not been investigated. By combining summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of handgrip strength, lean mass and walking pace, we have identified 78 independent SNPs (from 73 loci) associated with all three traits with consistent effect directions. Of the 78 SNPs, 55 polymorphisms were also associated with body fat percentage and 25 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes (T2D), indicating that sarcopenia, obesity and T2D share many common risk alleles. Follow-up bioinformatic analysis revealed that sarcopenia risk alleles were associated with tiredness, falls in the last year, neuroticism, alcohol intake frequency, smoking, time spent watching television, higher salt, white bread, and processed meat intake; whereas protective alleles were positively associated with bone mineral density, serum testosterone, IGF1, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, height, intelligence, cognitive performance, educational attainment, income, physical activity, ground coffee drinking and healthier diet (muesli, cereal, wholemeal or wholegrain bread, potassium, magnesium, cheese, oily fish, protein, water, fruit, and vegetable intake). Furthermore, the literature data suggest that single-bout resistance exercise may induce significant changes in the expression of 26 of the 73 implicated genes in m. vastus lateralis, which may partly explain beneficial effects of strength training in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. In conclusion, we have identified and characterized 78 SNPs associated with sarcopenia and 55 SNPs with sarcopenic obesity in European-ancestry individuals from the UK Biobank.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Genomic Predictors of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using UK Biobank Data

et al. 2023

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“…DNA extraction and purification from blood samples were performed using commercial kits (Techno-sorb), according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Techno-clon, Moscow, Russia). Genotyping of the candidate SNPs from the discovery phase was performed using microarray technology [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exome-Wide Association Study of Competitive Performance in Elite Athletes

Bulğay

Kasakolu

Kazan

et al. 2023

Genes

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The aim of the study was to identify genetic variants associated with personal best scores in Turkish track and field athletes and to compare allelic frequencies between sprint/power and endurance athletes and controls using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach, followed by replication studies in independent cohorts. The discovery phase involved 60 elite Turkish athletes (31 sprint/power and 29 endurance) and 20 ethnically matched controls. The replication phase involved 1132 individuals (115 elite Russian sprinters, 373 elite Russian endurance athletes (of which 75 athletes were with VO2max measurements), 209 controls, 148 Russian and 287 Finnish individuals with muscle fiber composition and cross-sectional area (CSA) data). None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reached an exome-wide significance level (p < 2.3 × 10−7) in genotype–phenotype and case–control studies of Turkish athletes. However, of the 53 nominally (p < 0.05) associated SNPs, four functional variants were replicated. The SIRT1 rs41299232 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.047) and Russian (p = 0.018) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.037) and a greater proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.035). The NUP210 rs2280084 A allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.044) and Russian (p = 0.012) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes. The TRPM2 rs1785440 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes (p = 0.034) and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.008). The AGRN rs4074992 C allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish sprint/power athletes compared to endurance athletes (p = 0.037) and was associated with a greater CSA of fast-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.024). In conclusion, we present the first WES study of athletes showing that this approach can be used to identify novel genetic markers associated with exercise- and sport-related phenotypes.

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“…DNA extraction and purification were performed using a Technosorb commercial kit (Technoclon, Moscow, Russia), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Genotyping of 70 SNPs was performed using microarray technology (HumanOmni1-Quad BeadChips, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), as previously described [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Predictors of Brisk Walking Are Associated with Elite Sprinter Status

Guilherme

Semenova

Larin

et al. 2022

Genes

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Brisk walkers are physically more active, taller, have reduced body fat and greater physical fitness and muscle strength. The aim of our study was to determine whether genetic variants associated with increased walking pace were overrepresented in elite sprinters compared to controls. A total of 70 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of self-reported walking pace in 450,967 European individuals were explored in relation to sprinter status. Genotyping of 137 Russian elite sprinters and 126 controls was performed using microarray technology. Favorable (i.e., high-speed-walking) alleles of 15 SNPs (FHL2 rs55680124 C, SLC39A8 rs13107325 C, E2F3 rs4134943 T, ZNF568 rs1667369 A, GDF5 rs143384 G, PPARG rs2920503 T, AUTS2 rs10452738 A, IGSF3 rs699785 A, CCT3 rs11548200 T, CRTAC1 rs2439823 A, ADAM15 rs11264302 G, C6orf106 rs205262 A, AKAP6 rs12883788 C, CRTC1 rs11881338 A, NRXN3 rs8011870 G) were identified as having positive associations with sprinter status (p < 0.05), of which IGSF3 rs699785 survived correction for multiple testing (p = 0.00004) and was linked (p = 0.042) with increased proportions of fast-twitch muscle fibers of m. vastus lateralis in physically active men (n = 67). Polygenic analysis revealed that individuals with ≥18 favorable alleles of the 15 SNPs have an increased odds ratio of being an elite sprinter when compared to those with ≤17 alleles (OR: 7.89; p < 0.0001). Using UK Biobank data, we also established the association of 14 favorable alleles with low BMI and fat percentage, 8 alleles with increased handgrip strength, and 7 alleles with increased height and fat-free mass. In conclusion, we have identified 15 new genetic markers associated with sprinter status.

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Genes and Weightlifting Performance

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Identification and Characterization of Genomic Predictors of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using UK Biobank Data

Identification and Characterization of Genomic Predictors of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using UK Biobank Data

Exome-Wide Association Study of Competitive Performance in Elite Athletes

Genomic Predictors of Brisk Walking Are Associated with Elite Sprinter Status

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