Genes and Family Environment Explain Correlations Between Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index

Cui, James JiSheng; Hopper, John L.; Harrap, Stephen B

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000022693.11752.e9

Cited by 85 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We are only aware of a couple of studies, which used twins to provide heritability estimates for body fat and blood pressure. A study by Cui et al 16 found that genetic variance accounted for 46% of the total variance in SBP and environmental variance accounted for 31% of the total variance. When they adjusted SBP for BMI there was only a small decrease in the variance, 2% for genetic and 14% for environmental.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these results and others are hard to compare to the variance components analyses using only twins. 16,18,28 It may be that variance components analyses are not sensitive enough to determine these associations. There are some studies that have looked at specific gene effects, which may be common to blood pressure and body fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15] A link between obesity and hypertension may be common genetic influences. Several family/twin studies (all among Caucasians) have found a common genetic influence, including a recent study by Cui et al 16 using twin pairs from the Victorian Family Heart Study. They found that genetic variance accounted for 46% of the total variance in SBP and common environment accounted for 31% of the total variance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic and environmental influences on body fat and blood pressure in African-American adult twins

et al. 2005

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Objective: African Americans have a particularly high prevalence of excessive body fat and high blood pressure. Genetic and environmental influences may be implicated for both of these risk factors. We investigated the potential for common genetic and environmental influences on body fat (waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI)) and blood pressure measures (systolic and diastolic pressure (SBP, DBP)) among African-American male and female subjects. Research methods and procedures: Measurements were taken as part of the Carolina African-American Twin Study of Aging (CAATSA). The CAATSA sample contains 217 same-sex African-American male and female twins with average age of 47 years. This analysis included 39 monozygotic male pairs (MZ), 43 dizygotic male pairs (DZ); 63 MZ female pairs, and 72 DZ female pairs. Maximum likelihood quantitative genetic analyses were used. Results: The total genetic variance for SBP was 22% in male subjects and 40.1% in female subjects. Of this total variance, 3.1% was in common with BMI in male subjects and 6% was in common with BMI in female subjects. After controlling for the effects of BMI, WC had less than 1% of its variance in common with SBP in male and female subjects. For DBP, the total genetic variance was 16.9% in male and 38.7% in female subjects. Of this total variance 6.1% was in common with BMI in male subjects and 3.7% was in common in female subjects. Again, WC had less than 1% of its genetic variance in common with DBP in both male and female subjects. The environmental variance common among these measures was also very small. The remaining variance was primarily accounted for by genetic and environmental effects unique to each measure as well as age. Discussion: Based on the very small common genetic variance for BMI, SBP, and DBP as well as WC and the blood pressure measures, our results suggest that searching for common genes among these measures may be inconclusive.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic and environmental influences on body fat and blood pressure in African-American adult twins

et al. 2005

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“…2,3 Thus, the recognition and management of elevated BP at an early age may be an important strategy for limiting the overall disease burden caused by hypertension. 4,5 Factors such as genetics, 6 diet 7 and physical activity 8 appear to contribute to elevated BP in children. In addition, population-based studies have consistently shown that overweight/obese children have higher levels of BP and a higher prevalence of hypertension than their non-overweight/obese counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

et al. 2011

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Very few studies have explored links between physical activity, sedentary behaviours and blood pressure (BP) in early adolescence. We aimed to assess the association between a range of sedentary activities (screen time, television (TV) viewing, computer usage, video game usage and time spent in homework or reading) and BP in schoolchildren. Eligible year-7 students (2353/3144, mean age 12.7 years) from a random cluster sample of 21 Sydney schools were examined during [2003][2004][2005]. Parents and children completed detailed questionnaires of activity. BP was measured using a standard protocol and high BP was defined using published guidelines. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, parental education, height, BMI and time spent in physical activity, each hour per day spent in screen time, watching TV and playing video games was associated with a significant increase in diastolic BP of 0.44 (P ¼ 0.0001), 0.99 (Po0.0001) and 0.64 mm Hg (P ¼ 0.04), respectively. In contrast, each hour per day spent reading was associated with a decrease of 0.91 (P ¼ 0.01) and 0.69 mm Hg (P ¼ 0.02) in systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. Our results indicate that addressing different types of sedentary activities could be a potentially important strategy to reduce the prevalence of elevated BP in children.

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“…Emerging evidence, using both segregation analysis and a whole genome scan techniques, supports an underlying genetic basis for these conditions. [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] While studies are underway to examine these linkages, more effort should be made to encourage African-American patients to comply with existing therapies. Promoting the use of antihypertensive medications in this population has been challenging at best.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension among African Americans

et al. 2005

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This study investigated differences in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) between hypertensives without a family history of hypertension and hypertensives with a family history. Furthermore, it examined whether these two groups differed in the severity of SDB. Patients were African Americans (n ¼ 162, mean age ¼ 51.19713.77 years; mean body mass index (BMI) ¼ 37.8579.51 kg/ m 2 , male ¼ 57%), who were referred to the clinic because of a sleep complaint. Sleep was recorded in the laboratory using standard physiological parameters; all parameters were analysed by a trained scorer. Altogether, 91% of the patients received an SDB diagnosis. Of these patients, 25% were hypertensives without a family history, 20% were hypertensives with a family history, and 55% were normotensives. We found a significant difference between these patient groups regarding the severity of SDB (F 14,158 ¼ 1.823, Po0.05), but no significant group difference was observed in the rate of SDB. Increasing weight was accompanied by increasing severity of SDB. The finding that hypertensive patients with or without a positive family history showed worse oxygenation and respiratory characteristics than did normotensives is consistent with previous research. Of note, hypertensives reporting a family history were characterized by a greater number of oxygen desaturations and apnoea hypopnoea index than those typified only by a current diagnosis of hypertension. Hypertensives with a family history are likely to show a profile of greater blood pressure, higher BMI, and more severe SDB, which by all accounts are more common among African Americans.

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Genes and Family Environment Explain Correlations Between Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index

Cited by 85 publications

References 24 publications

Genetic and environmental influences on body fat and blood pressure in African-American adult twins

Genetic and environmental influences on body fat and blood pressure in African-American adult twins

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

Sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension among African Americans

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