Género, interés y elección de carreras en ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas: revisión de literatura

Abstract

The shortage of human resources specialized in science, technology, engineering and technology (CTIM) throughout the world is a latent problem, coupled with the phenomenon of underrepresentation of women in these fields. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to analyze in the existing studies the factors that influence the interest in the choice of CTIM careers and their interrelation with gender. For this, a search was conducted in the databases of SCOPUS, Thompson, Elsevier and Redalyc, empirical articles of quantitative studies were included. It is found that the most studied variables are the influence of the family, the teachers, and the experiences of the subjects during middle and high school, self-efficacy, student peers and the expectations of the labor field. Gender stereotypes and roles have been poorly addressed, one of the limitations in this line of research is the insufficiency of longitudinal studies.