Generic Model to Quantify Energy Consumption for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Methods

Plan the Access? Generic Hardware Independent Energy Consumption and Efficiency Model for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Approaches

“…Energy Consumption: Different channel access approaches can have an impact on the collision probability in LoRaWAN [7], but also influence the energy consumption. It is shown in [11] that almost all the energy in the process of a LoRa transmission with random access is consumed in the following states: transceiver wake up, actual message transmission, open an optional receive window, optional reception of data, and optional data processing. Alternative channel access approaches like listen before talk or slotted ALOHA have waiting and listening states, where additional energy is consumed.…”

“…The energy model presented in this work extends our generic channel access model [11]. There, we identify different relevant states st i a sensor can assume during a LoRa transmission: wake up transceiver st 1 , the actual data transmission st 2 , wait for transmission start st 3 , listening on the channel st 4 , open receive window st 5 , data reception st 6 , and data processing st 7 .…”

“…However, large update transmissions are not expected with LoRa, since sensors have often only limited processing capabilities and the gateways also need to comply with the duty cycle. Details about the resulting energy consumption equations are available in [11].…”

“…From an energy consumption point of view, literature already studied the energy performance for LoRaWAN in general [9] or for LoRaWAN for Industry 4.0 applications in particular [25]. Furthermore, energy consumption values for different sensors transmitting with LoRa are measured [10], [9], and energy models exist for LoRaWAN [10], [11]. While a hardware independent energy model exists for IoT in general [26], to the best of our knowledge there is none available yet for LoRaWAN.…”

“…Existing literature quantifies LoRa transmission energy F. Loh, S. Raffeck, S. Geißler, and T. Hoßfeld are with the University of Würzburg, Institute of Computer Science, Chair of Communication Networks, Würzburg, Germany. Corresponding author: Frank Loh (email: frank.loh@uniwuerzburg.de) consumption [9], [10] or models transmission cycles with different access approaches [11]. Yet, these studies often focus on the LoRa transceiver alone and lack guidelines for selecting optimal channel access approaches based on transmission scenarios, energy consumption, and hardware independence.…”