Generativity and Social Involvement among African Americans and White Adults

Hart, Holly; McAdams, Dan P.; Hirsch, Barton J.; Bauer, Jack J.

doi:10.1006/jrpe.2001.2318

Cited by 100 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The 70 participants who were interviewed were originally drawn from a larger pool of 269 participants in a survey study examining psychosocial adaptation and generativity among midlife African-American and Caucasian adults in the community (Hart, McAdams, Hirsch, & Bauer, 2001). In that study, generativity was assessed using the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS; McAdams & de St. Aubin, 1992), a 20-item reliable and valid self-report measure; the Generative Behavior Checklist (GBC; McAdams & de St. Aubin, 1992), a checklist of generative acts; and a measure of generative strivings (McAdams, de St. Aubin, & Logan, 1993).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging from the cave: Attributional style and the narrative study of identity in midlife adults

Adler¹,

Kissel²,

McAdams³

2004

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It has been widely documented that individuals who explain negative life events with a depressogenic attributional style (stable, global attributions) tend to have increased rates of depression and other poor outcomes (e.g., Sweeny, Anderson, & Bailey, 1986). The Content Analysis of Verbatim Explanations (CAVE) is a method of assessing attributional style in spontaneously-generated causal attributions appearing in accounts of real events (Peterson, Schulman, Castellon, & Seligman, 1992

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Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging from the cave: Attributional style and the narrative study of identity in midlife adults

Adler¹,

Kissel²,

McAdams³

2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…McAdams and colleagues have done exceptional research that may be relevant to understanding the Black-White paradox in health in at least two ways. First, compared with White parents, Black parents report higher levels of generative concern (e.g., helping the next generation), engage in more generative behaviors, and are more likely to view themselves as role models in their roles as parents (Hart, McAdams, Hirsch, & Bauer, 2001). In the MIDUS study, generativity was measured in terms of social responsibility, generative concern, generative behaviors, and personality (i.e., using the Loyola Generativity Scale).…”

Section: What Might Explain the Resilience In The Black Community?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Black–White Paradox in Health: Flourishing in the Face of Social Inequality and Discrimination

Keyes

2009

Journal of Personality

282

245

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This paper reviews published research and presents new analyses from the 1995 nationally representative sample from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study to investigate whether there is support for the paradox of race and health in the United States. Findings reveal that Blacks have lower rates of several common mental disorders, but Blacks also have higher rates of flourishing than Whites. Blacks are mentally resilient in the face of greater social inequality and exposure to discrimination as well as high rates of physical morbidity-all of which are distinctive risk factors for mental distress and mental illness in the general population. Findings also show that controlling for perceived discrimination increases the Black advantage in 12 of the 13 signs of flourishing, suggesting that Blacks would have even better mental health were it not for discrimination. This paper concludes by considering what mechanisms-both adaptive and maladaptive-might explain this particular example of resilience in the Black population.

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“…Respondents were solicited via random-digit-dialing procedures and follow-up phone calls to identify black and white subjects between the ages of 35-65. The overall design, assessment methodology, and procedures of the larger study are detailed elsewhere (Hart, McAdams, Hirsch, & Bauer, 2001). The participation rate for consenting adults was 71% (74% for whites and 68% for eligible African Americans).…”

Section: Participants/samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, four scales were developed to assess parenting variables of interest to this study. Further information regarding the development and psychometric properties of the parenting scales is published elsewhere (Hart, McAdams, Hirsch, & Bauer, 2001). Parents completed each item in regards to their oldest living child using a 6-point Likert scale from 1 (disagree strongly) to 6 (agree strongly).…”

Section: Measures Parenting Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transmission of Values to School-Age and Young Adult Offspring

Pagano¹,

Hirsch

Deutsch

et al. 2003

Journal of Feminist Family Therapy

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SUMMARYThe current study explores parental socialization practices and the values transmitted to schoolaged and young adult off-spring, focusing on race and gender issues involved in parental teachings. A community sample of 187 black and white mothers and fathers were interviewed with regards to their parenting practices using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Higher levels of social concern and other-oriented themes in teachings were found among black parents, in contrast to a higher prevalence of individualistic themes among white parents. Interactions with child gender and age revealed that parents were more likely to mention individualistic skills and less likely to mention concern for others to older rather than younger daughters, with a reverse pattern found for sons. Parents remain active teachers in the lives of their children beyond the first and second decades of life, instilling skills and values shaped by ethnicity and gender. Comparison of socialization practices between racial groups reveals a notable capacity of black parents to promote personal development as well as societal well-being. KeywordsAfrican Americans; parents; values; intergenerational support; adulthood; parent-child relationship Socialization is the process whereby an individual's standards, skills, motives, attitudes, and behaviors are shaped to conform to those regarded as desirable and appropriate for his or her role in society (Parke & Buriel, 1998). Parents play a key part in the socialization process as they transmit values molded by their own traditions and beliefs and embedded in family, social, economic, and historical contexts (Zarit & Eggebeen, 1995). Public policy debates often refer to the importance of parents' transmission of values to prepare children for the worlds they face, particularly as children enter adulthood and take their place in society. Historically, black and white families have faced very different worlds and these differences are likely to be reflected in the values that parents instill in their children for success. Similarly, men and women have traditionally experienced distinct social contexts that may SOCIALIZATION PRACTICES OF BLACK AND WHITE PARENTSMost research on parent-child relationships has investigated white middle-class families in suburban areas, neglecting the influence of non-majority culture and ethnicity in shaping child rearing beliefs and behaviors. Considerable differences exist between white Americans' and African Americans' social experiences. Black adults are poorer than their white counterparts with increased disability, higher premature death rates, lower formal educational attainment, and a lower proportion of marriage for both males and females (George, 1988;Jackson, 1988;Stanford, Peddecord, & Lockerly, 1990; U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1992). There are also important cultural differences. Although majority American families may emphasize individuality over collectivism (Harrison, Wilson, Pine, Chan, & Buriel, 1990), African American cultural heritage has hel...

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Generativity and Social Involvement among African Americans and White Adults

Cited by 100 publications

References 30 publications

Emerging from the cave: Attributional style and the narrative study of identity in midlife adults

Emerging from the cave: Attributional style and the narrative study of identity in midlife adults

The Black–White Paradox in Health: Flourishing in the Face of Social Inequality and Discrimination

The Transmission of Values to School-Age and Young Adult Offspring

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