Generation of Toxoplasma gondii GRA1 protein and DNA vaccine loaded chitosan particles: preparation, characterization, and preliminary in vivo studies

Bivas-Benita, Maytal; Laloup, Marleen; Versteyhe, Soetkin; Dewit, J; Braekeleer, Jos De; Jongert, Erik; Borchard, Gerrit

doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(03)00377-6

Cited by 104 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Since the procedure was first reported by Calvo et al, almost all the chitosan NPs were prepared at room temperature (25 C). However, our study indicated that the reaction temperature exercised a great influence on particle size, drug entrapment percentage and even whether or not NPs could form, and it was identified in the preliminary experiments that the NPs formation temperature ranged from approximately 40 C to 60 C. It was probably because that low molecular weight chitosan was not as easy to crosslink at room temperature as the high molecular weight one, which was often used [30]. The concentration zones of solution, aggregates and opalescent suspension at reaction temperature of 50 C are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Two modelling data analytical methods applied to optimise the preparation of norcantharidin chitosan nanoparticles

Zhang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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In our study, the non-linear regression model and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to optimise the preparation of the loading norcantharidin chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) by ionic cross-linkage. Two major indexes, the particle size and the entrapment efficiency of the drug vehicles were synchronously optimised according to the normalised value calculated referring to the weights of the indexes and factors. For the purpose, a multiple regression model was constructed for fitting several preparation factors, including the low molecular weight of chitosan (LCS), sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) concentrations and the temperature of the ionic cross-linkage reaction. Each of the level values in the factors was arranged using the L 9 (3 4 ) table and their linear weighted sum of the normalised value was taken as optimised object. A back-propagation (BP) network (3 Â 7 Â 2) in ANNs was created and trained for further checking the optimal results and the trained network was applied to simulate the experiment system and screen the optimal conditions. Finally, when the weights of temperature, particle size and entrapment efficiency were 0.1, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively, the best preparation condition of NPs was obtained as 131 AE 7 nm of particle size and 45.12% of entrapment efficiency at 40 C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Two modelling data analytical methods applied to optimise the preparation of norcantharidin chitosan nanoparticles

Zhang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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“…Stanley et al(2004) demonstrated that a crude extract of Toxoplasma tachyzoite antigen encapsulated into a poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microparticle delivery system induced both cell-mediated immunity and strong antigen-specific mucosal IgA using the intranasal route of administration of sheep. GRA1 protein vaccine loaded chitosan particles and boosting with GRA1 pDNA vaccine resulted in high anti-GRA1 antibodies (Bivas-Benita et al, 2003). Intraperitoneal challenge with Toxoplasma cysts resulted in significant reduction of brain cysts in immunized CBA/J mice using GRA2 and GRA6 formulated in monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant (Golkar et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of DNA-mediated immunization with liposome-encapsulated GRA4 against infection of Toxoplasma gondii

Rui

Tong

et al. 2009

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:The dense granule protein 4 (GRA4) is a granular protein from Toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-GRA4 (pGRA4), encoding for the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP). C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 in GRA4-stimulated splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 10 3 tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against infection of T. gondii.

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“…GRA1 is considered to be a promising vaccine candidate because GRA1 DNA vaccines elicit immune responses as well as afford protection in rodent and livestock models [8,[26][27][28]. Purified rGRA1 protein vaccines have also found to be immunogenic, however protection studies in animal models haven't been conducted yet [8,27,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recombinant protein vaccines and DNA vaccines using Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1), SAG2, Dense Granule Antigen 1 (GRA1), GRA4, GRA7, Rhoptry Protein 2 (ROP2), Microneme Protein 3 (MIC3) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) elicit partial, full, or occasionally no protection in animals depending on the virulence of the T. gondii strains . Of all the vaccine candidates against toxoplasmosis, GRA1 appears to be an immunogenic promising vaccine candidate [8,[26][27][28]31]. Existing GRA1 vaccination trials used recombinant protein or DNA vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing GRA1 vaccination trials used recombinant protein or DNA vaccines. Although immune response and protection potency have been investigated in detail about GRA1 DNA vaccination [26,28], the cellular immune response and protection potency of an adjuvanted recombinant GRA1 protein vaccine haven't been evaluated in mice yet [8,27,31]. Taken together, the experimental studies using various GRA1-derived vaccines are encouraging, however much work remains to put together the pieces of the puzzle, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GRA1 protein vaccine confers better immune response compared to codon-optimized GRA1 DNA vaccine

Döşkaya

Kalantari-Dehaghi

Walsh

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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The present study evaluates immunogenicity and protection potency of a codon-optimized GRA1 DNA vaccine, wild type GRA1 DNA vaccine and an adjuvanted recombinant GRA1 protein vaccine candidate in BALB/c mice against lethal toxoplasmosis. Of the three GRA1 vaccines tested, the recombinant GRA1 protein vaccine results reveal significant increase in immune response and prolonged survival against acute toxoplasmosis compared to DNA vaccinations. Immune response and protection conferred by codon-optimized GRA1 DNA vaccine was slightly better than wild type GRA1 DNA vaccine.

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Generation of Toxoplasma gondii GRA1 protein and DNA vaccine loaded chitosan particles: preparation, characterization, and preliminary in vivo studies

Cited by 104 publications

References 26 publications

Two modelling data analytical methods applied to optimise the preparation of norcantharidin chitosan nanoparticles

Two modelling data analytical methods applied to optimise the preparation of norcantharidin chitosan nanoparticles

Protective effect of DNA-mediated immunization with liposome-encapsulated GRA4 against infection of Toxoplasma gondii

GRA1 protein vaccine confers better immune response compared to codon-optimized GRA1 DNA vaccine

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