The constant development of nanotechnology has facilitated
significant
improvements in the field of nonlinear optics. Metasurfaces and metamaterials,
or nanostructured material systems, have allowed excellent control
over a variety of linear and nonlinear optical processes, including
manipulation of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. To
facilitate this progress, there is an increasing demand for small
footprint nonlinear material systems and metamaterial designs that
offer diverse functionalities. Here, we demonstrate that this demand
can be satisfied by utilizing the family of two-dimensional materials
and more specifically graphene. In this work, we take advantage of
the exceptionally large nonlinearity of graphene and demonstrate simultaneous
dynamic control over the polarization state and nonlinear conversion
efficiency of the third harmonic emission via the coherent excitation
of localized surface plasmons in nanopatterned graphene rectangular
arrays. Using finite-difference time-domain simulations and through
electrostatic control over the Fermi level in graphene, we demonstrate
broadband dynamic tuning between linear and circular polarization
states for the third harmonic emission. The proposed method is not
limited to third harmonic emission and is applicable to different
nonlinear optical processes. As a result, the proposed metasurface
constitutes an outstanding platform for commercially viable, CMOS-compatible,
room-temperature devices for nonlinear conversion applications.