Generation of reactive oxygen species through dissolved oxygen activation on defected porous carbon for efficient degradation of antibiotics

Carbonaceous CoCr LDH nanocomposite as a light-responsive sonocatalyst for treatment of a plasticizer-containing water

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROSs) is a common term that defines the chemical species constituted due to incomplete reduction of oxygen [57] , [58] . In the photo-assisted sonocatalytic process, the generation of a substantial amount of ROS is expected that could oxidize and decompose organic compounds into simple-structured molecules including carbon dioxide, water, etc [57] .…”

Were Persulfate-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes Really Understood? Basic Concepts, Cognitive Biases, and Experimental Details

“…The electrons might be hydrated electrons (e aq − ), 243 photoinduced electrons, 241 or piezoelectrically polarized electrons. 244 The electrons might also be originated from surface defects (oxygen vacancies, 94,245 carbon vacancies, 246 sulfur vacancies, 247 or edge sites 248 ) with abundant localized unpaired electrons on heterogeneous catalysts; (ii) the interaction of dissolved oxygen with Fe 2+ (eq 49), 249 Cu + , 238 ARs (eqs 26, 27), benzosemiquinone radical anion 237 ), ascorbic acid, 252 or phenols; 253,254 (iii) the hydrolysis of PDS (eqs 59, 255 60 13 ); (iv) the interaction of H 2 O 2 with PDS (eqs 61, 256 62 257 ), with HO • (eq 63, k HO • ,Hd 2 Od 2 = (2.9−3.8) × 10 7 M −1 s −1 ), 257 with SO 4…”

“…The electrons might be hydrated electrons (e aq – ), photoinduced electrons, or piezoelectrically polarized electrons . The electrons might also be originated from surface defects (oxygen vacancies, , carbon vacancies, sulfur vacancies, or edge sites) with abundant localized unpaired electrons on heterogeneous catalysts; (ii) the interaction of dissolved oxygen with Fe 2+ (eq ), Cu + , ARs (eqs , ), benzosemiquinone radical anion ( − O–C 6 H 4 O • , BSQ •– , eq , k O 2 ,BSQ •– = 5 × 10 4 M –1 s –1 ), benzosemiquinone radical (HO–C 6 H 4 O • , HBSQ • , eqs , , ), ascorbic acid, or phenols; , (iii) the hydrolysis of PDS (eqs , ); (iv) the interaction of H 2 O 2 with PDS (eqs , ), with HO • (eq , k HO • ,H 2 O 2 = (2.9–3.8) × 10 7 M –1 s –1 ), with SO 4 •– (eq ), or with h VB + (eq ). The role of H 2 O 2 could be identified by catalase (CAT, from bovine liver , ), but the method might be not well fit when electrocatalytic processes were involved; (v) the interaction of PDS , /PMS , with reactive PS complexes (e.g., eqs , ). O 2 false( normalg false) / O 2 …”

Tailoring the d-band center enables La doped ZnIn2S4 to be active for boosting photocatalytic activation of oxygen and degradation of antibiotics in wastewater

“…Generally, activation of O 2 involves electron transfer to generate superoxide radicals ( • O 2 − ) and hydroxyl radicals ( • OH), as well as energy transfer to produce singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). 14,15 However, the spin limitation effect and its low solubility in water hinder the conversion of activated O 2 into ROS. 16,17 Therefore, the design and development of photocatalysts for efficient generation of ROS remain a crucial and challenging task, which is also the essence of AOPs.…”