Generation of reactive intermediates in photoallergic dermatitis

Abstract

In the current review, some specific examples of photoallergic xenobiotics are given. They include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, platelet aggregation inhibitors, and sunscreens. In general, they are taken from the scientific literature published during the last decade, with particular emphasis on the most recent articles. The focus is on the mechanistic aspects, specifically on the generation of reactive intermediates capable of reacting with proteins.

Immediate Reactions to More Than 1 NSAID Must Not Be Considered Cross-Hypersensitivity Unless Tolerance to ASA Is Verified

“…Although these drugs generate immunogenic adducts and induce T-cell responses [34], the potential adducts involved in selective immediate allergic reactions and the presence of specific IgE antibodies have not yet been addressed [9].…”

Rapid screening method to study the reactivity of UV filter substances towards skin proteins by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography

“…As sun protection formerly concentrated on the category of sunscreen products, actually a variety of daily personal care products like lipsticks, vanishing creams or even shampoos claim UV protection properties that are achieved by the addition of UV filters [14][15][16]. Recent considerations conclude that such interactions with the human skin may possibly be associated with the formation of contact allergies [31][32][33]. Not only the fate of UV filters in the environment is questioned [17,18], but also reactions of filter substances and their photodegradation products with human tissues.…”

“…The formation of protein adducts with different electrophilic agents is multiply described [25][26][27][28][29], but UV filters as reaction partners previously were rarely considered [30]. Recent considerations conclude that such interactions with the human skin may possibly be associated with the formation of contact allergies [31][32][33].…”

Fluoroquinolone Photodegradation Influences Specific Basophil Activation

“…This, together with the fact that in recent years there has been an increase in the number of MOX reactions (in most cases severe), [6,8] makes it important to analyze in depth the factors influencing these different behaviors. Based on the photolability of FQs [1,2,3,9] our hypothesis was that the differences found in the BAT assay between the FQs may be explained by changes induced under light exposure during the in vitro test procedure, which influences FQ degradation differently, producing a lower amount of drug-protein conjugates.…”