Generation of radical species in CVD grown pristine and N-doped solid carbon spheres using H₂ and Ar as carrier gases

Abstract

A mechanism showing the role of carrier gas on the N-configuration of the post-N-doped CSs synthesized in the presence of (a) H2 and (b) Ar, respectively.

Deciphering the Structural, Textural, and Electrochemical Properties of Activated BN-Doped Spherical Carbons

“…A small amount of H 2 was used during the thermal treatment to assist in the removal of excess C adatoms via hydrogenation thereby facilitating the completion of the aromatic graphitic domains as well as the formation of cleaner spheres’ surface. Similar results indicating the importance of small amounts H 2 have been reported for graphene and other carbon nanomaterials [42,43]. Moreover, the hydrogenation process generates defects on the CS surface for easy attachment of heteroatoms during the doping process.…”

“…The BN-CSs, on the other hand, appears to have coalesced and had diameters (180 ± 12 nm) comparable to that of the pristine CSs (175 ± 11 nm) (Figure 1b). The small diameters for the CSs can be associated with the short dwell time used [42]. Typically, the growth of the spherical carbons is influenced by the type of precursor, reaction time, reaction temperature and the type of carrier gases [9,10,46].…”

“…Table S2 gives a summary of the BET surface area and the pore-size distribution data of the CSs, BN-CSs, activated CSs and BN-CSs from the N 2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The CSs displayed a surface area of 6.3 m 2 ·g −1 implying a relatively non-porous material nature [42]. Upon co-doping with BN, the surface area increased slightly to 15.4 m 2 ·g −1 , due to a restructuring of the carbon matrix during the incorporation of the B and N atoms.…”

“…The CSs were synthesized in a vertically oriented CVD reactor as reported elsewhere [42]. Boron and nitrogen co-doping of the pristine CSs was performed in a horizontal CVD reactor for 1 h at 900 °C.…”

Nitridation Temperature Effect on Carbon Vanadium Oxynitrides for a Symmetric Supercapacitor

“…Thus, the XPS analysis of the C-V2NO@800 °C was performed to determine the active species introduced into the material. Figure S3 (supporting information) shows the C, V, O and N peaks deconvoluted in high resolution into C1s V2p, O1s and N1s which confirms the configurations of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and all the different vanadium ions (V 2+ , V 3+ , V 4+ and V 5+ ) [10,25,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56].…”