Generation of macroscopic quantum superpositions of optomechanical oscillators by dissipation

Tan, Huatang; Bariani, Francesco; Li, Gao‐xiang; Meystre, Pierre

doi:10.1103/physreva.88.023817

Cited by 72 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Fitting our experimental data to these models reveals a second order coupling, G 2 , of MHz/nm 2 . Enhancing this second order coupling, and eliminating the first order optomechanical coupling, through fabricating a fully symmetric device in both mechanical motion and evanescent optical field, should provide an approach to QND measurements of phonon number, as well as exotic phenomena such as quantum superpositions of nanomechanical resonators [38].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optomechanics in the stationary regime

et al. 2014

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We have observed nonlinear transduction of the thermomechanical motion of a nanomechanical resonator when detected as laser transmission through a sideband unresolved optomechanical cavity. Nonlinear detection mechanisms are of considerable interest as special cases allow for quantum nondemolition measurements of the mechanical resonator's energy. We investigate the origin of the nonlinearity in the optomechanical detection apparatus and derive a theoretical framework for the nonlinear signal transduction, and the optical spring effect, from both nonlinearities in the optical transfer function and second order optomechanical coupling. By measuring the dependence of the linear and nonlinear signal transduction -as well as the mechanical frequency shift -on laser detuning from optical resonance, we provide estimates of the contributions from the linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings.Cavity optomechanics has resulted in new levels of extremely precise displacement transduction [1, 2] of ultrahigh frequency resonators [3]. This has created much interest in pursuing quantum measurements [4] of nanomechancial devices [5][6][7], as well as dynamical back action cooling [8][9][10][11].One of the most fundamental, and as of yet unattained, quantum measurements that could be performed is that of the quantized energy eigenstates of a nanomechanical resonator (as has been demonstrated with an electron in a cyclotron orbit [12]). To achieve this, one cannot measure the displacement of the resonator [13], but instead must measure the energy directly -preferably without destroying the quantum state, a so-called quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement. Whereas the accuracy in continuously measuring two conjugate quantities is limited by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to the standard quantum limit (SQL) [13], QND measurements allow for continuous measurements of an observable to be taken to arbitrary precision [14][15][16][17]. Here our interest lies in a QND measurement of the energy, and thereby the number of phonons [18]. In an optomechanical system, this is expected to be possible by having strong second order optomechanical coupling [19][20][21][22]. This has been demonstrated in membrane-in-the-middle Fabry-Pérot cavities [23,24], however it has been pointed out there remains first order coupling between the two optical modes, possibly obscuring QND measurements [25].Signal from second order optomechanical coupling, hence measurement of x 2 , will display mechanical peaks at twice the fundamental frequency. However, we would also expect that nonlinear transduction of the displacement, x, of a mechanical resonator from a nonlinear optical transfer function would also appear at harmonics of the mechanical resonance frequency, as has been observed [26][27][28].In this Letter we report observation of peaks in the mechanical power spectra at exactly twice the fundamental mechanical frequency, as shown in Fig. 1. We derive a model for the origin of the harmonic signal, as well as the optical spring effect, from bo...

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confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optomechanics in the stationary regime

et al. 2014

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“…Such progress has occurred in various experimental platforms, including optomechanics [6], and through a variety of experimental techniques, including optical ltering [7]. It is thus becoming a pressing issue to determine quantitatively the macroscopic nature of such resource states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum macroscopic nature of cat-like states

Carlisle¹

2017

Quantum Measurements and Quantum Metrology

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“…Amongst the various emerging platforms for quantum technologies is that of quantum optomechanics, in which radiation pressure is exploited to establish a quantum dynamics between mechanical and radiative systems [3][4][5]. This radiation pressure coupling finds expression in a large range of settings, from small micromechanical resonators [6][7][8][9][10] to larger mesoscopic systems [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], electromechanical systems [18][19][20][21] and more recently in systems of levitated particles [22][23][24]. Along with this plethora of technical settings comes an abundance of applications for quantum technologies, including hybrid quantum information processing [25], cooling of macroscopic objects to the ground state [9,11,18,[26][27][28], back action evading measurements [29][30][31] and preparation of non-classical states [17,[32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbitrary multimode Gaussian operations on mechanical cluster states

2017

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We consider opto- and electro-mechanical quantum systems composed of a driven cavity mode interacting with a set of mechanical resonators. It has been proposed that the latter can be initialized in arbitrary cluster states, including universal resource states for Measurement Based Quantum Computation (MBQC). We show that, despite the unavailability in this set-up of direct measurements over the mechanical resonators, computation can still be performed to a high degree of accuracy. In particular, it is possible to indirectly implement the measurements necessary for arbitrary Gaussian MBQC by properly coupling the mechanical resonators to the cavity field and continuously monitoring the leakage of the latter. We provide a thorough theoretical analysis of the performances obtained via indirect measurements, comparing them with what is achievable when direct measurements are instead available. We show that high levels of fidelity are attainable in parameter regimes within reach of present experimental capabilities.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

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Generation of macroscopic quantum superpositions of optomechanical oscillators by dissipation

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

Nonlinear optomechanics in the stationary regime

Nonlinear optomechanics in the stationary regime

Quantum macroscopic nature of cat-like states

Arbitrary multimode Gaussian operations on mechanical cluster states

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