Generation of linearly polarized modes using a digital micromirror device and phase optimization

Abstract

Linearly polarized modes were generated from the fundamental LP01 using Lee holograms displayed on a digital micromirror device. The phase in the holograms was optimized using simulated annealing algorithm and complex amplitude correlation to improve the quality of the converted modes. The correlation measurements, and comparisons between numerical and experimental results, show the fidelity of the obtained modes and the effectiveness of the optimization. Furthermore, the optimized holograms can be combined to generate multiple modes spatially addressed with individual control. The results, and the use of a digital micromirror device instead of the most common liquid crystal modulators, make this method suitable for Modal Division Multiplexing systems and compatible with other optical telecommunication techniques like Wavelength and Polarization Division multiplexing, and reconfigurable optical networks.

What Binarization Method Is the Best for Amplitude Inline Fresnel Holograms Synthesized for Divergent Beams Using the Direct Search with Random Trajectory Technique?

“…Nowadays, DMD can display up to about 30 thousand images per second [ 2 ]. DMDs can be used in various tasks: holographic projection and 3D television [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], media characterization [ 6 ], compressing imaging [ 7 ], 3D printing [ 8 ], mode generation [ 9 ], spectroscopy [ 10 ], digital [ 11 ] and computer-generated [ 12 ] hologram reconstruction, information packaging [ 13 ], etc. The DMD operating principle allows for imaging of only binary images.…”

Experimental Dataset of Tunable Mode Converter Based on Long-Period Fiber Gratings Written in Few-Mode Fiber: Impacts of Thermal, Wavelength, and Polarization Variations

“…These devices are now important parts of transmission systems, and need to be carefully designed to have the right number of modes, low crosstalk between modes, high mode-conversion efficiency, or wide operating bandwidth, depending on the method [5,6]. Because of this, numerous research efforts have been directed toward the development of high-performance mode converters, and several types of mode converters have been demonstrated with bulk-optic components [7][8][9][10], optical fibers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], and optical waveguides [18][19][20]. Bulk-optic mode converters require critical alignment and have a large insertion loss.…”