Generation of high-quality higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams using liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators

Matsumoto, Naoya; Ando, Tsuneya; Inoue, Takashi; Ohtaké, Yoshiyuki; Fukuchi, Norihiro; Hara, Tsutomu

doi:10.1364/josaa.25.001642

Cited by 227 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Most of the OAM beams used in previously reported communication links are similar to the SPP-based OAM beams [3,18,19]. Although the OAM beams generated by passing Gaussian beams through SPPs are not exactly Laguerre-Gauss beams, such beams have similar characteristics in a communication link [20,21] (see Supplement 1 for further discussion).…”

Section: B Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Performance metrics and design considerations for a free-space optical orbital-angular-momentum–multiplexed communication link

Xie¹,

Li²,

Ren³

et al. 2015

Optica

191

114

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The capacity of free-space optical (FSO) communication links could potentially be increased by the simultaneous transmission of multiple orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams. For such an OAM multiplexing approach, one requires the collection of adequate power as well as proportion of the phase front for a system with minimal crosstalk. Here we study the design considerations for an OAM-multiplexed free-space data link, analyzing the power loss, channel crosstalk, and power penalty of the link in the case of limited-size receiver apertures and misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver. We describe the trade-offs for different transmitted beam sizes, receiver aperture sizes, and mode spacing of the transmitted OAM beams under given lateral displacements or receiver angular errors. Through simulations and some experiments, we show that (1) a system with a larger transmitted beam size and a larger receiver aperture is more tolerant to lateral displacement but less tolerant to the receiver angular error, and (2) a system with a larger mode spacing, which uses larger OAM charges, suffers more system power loss but less channel crosstalk; thus, a system with a small mode spacing shows a lower system power penalty when system power loss dominates (e.g., a small lateral displacement or receiver angular error), whereas that with a larger mode spacing shows a lower power penalty when channel crosstalk dominates (e.g., a larger lateral displacement or receiver angular error). This work could be beneficial to the practical implementation of OAM-multiplexed FSO links.

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Section: B Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Performance metrics and design considerations for a free-space optical orbital-angular-momentum–multiplexed communication link

Xie¹,

Li²,

Ren³

et al. 2015

Optica

191

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One of the leading candidate methods for the latter is the use of diffractive optics, or phase plates for conversion from a LG 00 mode to a higherorder LG mode, due to their stability, as well as potentially high conversion efficiency and output mode purity. Other conversion methods include using computer generated holograms [18], spatial light modulators [19] and astigmatic mode converters [15]. However, none of these mode conversion methods are perfect, and some light inevitably remains in unwanted modes.…”

Section: Performance Of Higher-order Laguerre-gauss Beams In Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the intrinsic optical losses of the mode cleaner cavity were taken into account, we estimated the input mode purity to be 51% for the sinusoidal LG 33 beam, and 66% for the helical LG 33 beam. It should be noted that examples of higherorder LG modes with mode purities likely to be above 70% have been created previously directly with SLMs using a more thoroughly optimized conversion procedure, for example in [19], although in this case the authors refrain from quoting an experimentally measured purity. However, this is the first time a purity improvement of a Laguerre-Gauss mode using an optical resonator to an estimated 99% has been reported in the scientific literature.…”

Section: Laboratory Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental demonstration of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss mode interferometry

et al. 2010

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The compatibility of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes with interferometric technologies commonly used in gravitational wave detectors is investigated. In this paper we present the first experimental results concerning the performance of the LG33 mode in optical resonators. We show that the Pound-Drever-Hall error signal for a LG33 mode in a linear optical resonator is identical to that of the more commonly used LG00 mode, and demonstrate the feedback control of the resonator with a LG33 mode. We succeeded to increase the mode purity of a LG33 mode generated using a spatial-light modulator from 51% to 99% upon transmission through a linear optical resonator. We further report the experimental verification that a triangular optical resonator does not transmit helical LG modes.PACS numbers: 04.80. Nn, 95.75.Kk, 42.50.Tx, 95.55.Ym

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“…For instance, the detection rate of binary neutron star in spiral systems -which are considered the most promising astrophysical sources for a first GW detection -could be enhanced by about a factor of 2 or more 16 at the cost of a minimal amount of modifications in the design of second-generation interferometers currently under construction 10,11 . The proposed method combines techniques and expertise developed in diverse areas of physics and optics such as the generation of high stability, low noise single mode laser beams 23 , the use of spatial light modulators and diffractive optical elements for the manipulation of the spatial profiles of light beams 18,22,24,25,26 , and the use of advanced techniques for the sensing, control and stabilization of resonant optical cavities 27 aiming at a further purification and stabilization of the laser light. This method has been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory experiments, exported for tests in large-scale prototype interferometers 20 , and for generating LG modes at high laser powers up to 80 W…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Carbone

Fulda

Bond

et al. 2013

JoVE

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Thermal noise in high-reflectivity mirrors is a major impediment for several types of high-precision interferometric experiments that aim to reach the standard quantum limit or to cool mechanical systems to their quantum ground state. This is for example the case of future gravitational wave observatories, whose sensitivity to gravitational wave signals is expected to be limited in the most sensitive frequency band, by atomic vibration of their mirror masses. One promising approach being pursued to overcome this limitation is to employ higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) optical beams in place of the conventionally used fundamental mode. Owing to their more homogeneous light intensity distribution these beams average more effectively over the thermally driven fluctuations of the mirror surface, which in turn reduces the uncertainty in the mirror position sensed by the laser light.We demonstrate a promising method to generate higher-order LG beams by shaping a fundamental Gaussian beam with the help of diffractive optical elements. We show that with conventional sensing and control techniques that are known for stabilizing fundamental laser beams, higherorder LG modes can be purified and stabilized just as well at a comparably high level. A set of diagnostic tools allows us to control and tailor the properties of generated LG beams. This enabled us to produce an LG beam with the highest purity reported to date. The demonstrated compatibility of higher-order LG modes with standard interferometry techniques and with the use of standard spherical optics makes them an ideal candidate for application in a future generation of high-precision interferometry.

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Generation of high-quality higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams using liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators

Cited by 227 publications

References 26 publications

Performance metrics and design considerations for a free-space optical orbital-angular-momentum–multiplexed communication link

Performance metrics and design considerations for a free-space optical orbital-angular-momentum–multiplexed communication link

Experimental demonstration of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss mode interferometry

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

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