“…Frontier applications, however, have a high demand for HPFFLs at 1.5 m, for example, high-aspect-ratio through-silicon-vias fabrication [ 11 ] and corneal surgery [ 12 , 13 ] . Moreover, HPFFLs at 1.5 m are promising drive sources for frequency conversions through second-harmonic generation [ 14 , 15 ] , Cherenkov radiation [ 16 ] , soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) [ 17 , 18 ] and self-phase modulation [ 19 ] , to name just a few. In general, the average-power (or pulse-energy) scaling of the 1.5- m fs fiber laser is mainly based on chirped pulse amplification (CPA) [ 20 ] .…”