Generation of Broadband High-Purity Dual-Mode OAM Beams Using A Four-Feed Patch Antenna: Theory and Implementation

Huang, Yuhan; Li, Xiuping; Li, Qingwen; Qi, Zihang; Zhu, Hua; Akram, Zaid; Xing, Jun

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49377-6

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To quantitatively evaluate the mode purity of the OAM modes generated by the UCAs, we performed an analysis using a Fourier transform [28]. The mode purity of an OAM wave is defined as the ratio of the power in the dominant mode to the total power of the wave.…”

Section: Mode Purity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of OAM Waves and Analysis of Mode Purity for�G燬ub-6燝Hz燗pplications

Noor¹,

Ismail²,

Yasin³

et al. 2023

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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This article presents the generation of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) vortex waves with mode 1 using Uniform Circular Array (UCA) antenna. Two different designs, namely, UCA-1 (4-element array antenna) and UCA-2 (8-element array antenna), were designed and fabricated using FR-4 substrate to generate OAM mode 1 at 3.5 GHz (5G mid-band). The proposed antenna arrays comprised rectangular microstrip patch elements with inset fed technique. The elements were excited by a carefully designed feeding phase shift network to provide similar output energy at output ports with desired phase shift value. The generated OAM waves were confirmed by measuring the null in the bore sight of their 2D radiation patterns, simulated phase distribution and intensity distribution. The measurement results agree well with the simulation results. Moreover, a detailed mode purity analysis of the generated OAM waves was carried out considering different factors. The investigation found that the greater the number of elements, the higher the purity of the generated OAM wave. Compared with other previous works, the proposed antenna design of this paper is very simple to design and fabricate. In addition, the proposed antennas are compact in design even at lower frequency band with very wide bandwidth to meet the requirements of 5G mid-band applications.

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Section: Mode Purity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of OAM Waves and Analysis of Mode Purity for�G燬ub-6燝Hz燗pplications

Noor¹,

Ismail²,

Yasin³

et al. 2023

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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“…The resonant frequency of

T M_{n m}

modes for circular patches is [ 31,32 ]

\begin{matrix} right left right left right left right left right left right left3pt0.2777777777777778em 2em 0.2777777777777778em 2em 0.2777777777777778em 2em 0.2777777777777778em 2em 0.2777777777777778em 2em 0.2777777777777778em \\ f_{R e} = \frac{α_{n m} c}{2 π r_{0} \sqrt{ε_{r}}} \end{matrix}

where

r_{0}

is the actual radius of the patch,

ε_{r}

is the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate, and

c

is the speed of light in the vacuum. The typical

α_{n m}

values corresponding to the

m

th zero point of the

n

th order Bessel function are listed in Table 2 [ 15,32 ] . According to the mode synthesis theory, the

T M_{51}

modes are selected to generate the 4th order OAM wave, and thus the corresponding

α_{51} = 6.416

is used.…”

Section: Selection Of Antenna Patch Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is very practical to generate OAM waves through a microstrip antenna, especially for mobile terminals. Using an octagonal patch antenna with edge perturbation structure, the 1st-order OAM wave is radiated under a single-port feed [14] . A four-fed circular patch antenna with a phase-shifted network generates ±2nd order vortex beams with high mode purity [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode Purity Improvement of High‐Order Vortex Waves

Lin

Yang

et al. 2022

Chinese J of Electronics

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Vortex electromagnetic waves can carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of different order number, which are mutually orthogonal. Communication technologies multiplexing different OAM topological charges have attracted extensive attention in improving spectrum utilization. In this regard, the efficient generation of OAM modes becomes a key issue. However, it is difficult to generate high‐order OAM modes by using a microstrip antenna with a simple structure, and the mode purity is usually not high. Methodologically, the OAM wave of a microstrip antenna is mostly achieved by synthesizing degenerate eigenmodes. In this paper, combined with eigenmode analysis, the construction of high‐order and high‐purity OAM mode microstrip antennas is carried out from the perspectives of radiating element, ground plane, and structural symmetry. For a regular hexagonal patch antenna of the 4th‐order OAM mode, the mode purity is improved from about 40% to over 80% by removing the inner conductor of the patch layer, using a circular ground plane, and adding lug patches on the outside. This method of improving mode purity through the analysis of mode significance and characteristic current distribution also has guiding significance for the design of other high‐order OAM mode patch antennas.

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“…Although the proposed approach works well with the example hardware we used, the received signal BER is expected to improve further by using higher mode purity OAM transmitters. Further information on such OAM beamformers can be found in [34] and the references therein.…”

Section: Secure Communication Using Single Antenna Receivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Secure Communication Using Orbital Angular Momentum Transmitter and a Single-Antenna Receiver

Abbasi

Fusco

Naeem

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) for radio communications has the potential of simultaneously transmitting multiple signals at the same frequency and time resources. This multiplies the achievable channel capacity at a given bandwidth by increasing the available number of simultaneous data streams. One downside of OAM radio communication is the requirement of multi-mode radio frequency (RF) hardware at both ends of a link i.e. transmitter as well as the receiver. This is not always practically viable, especially as we move towards low profile receivers in future communication devices. In this work, we present a novel method of OAM-based radio communication with enhanced physical layer security that requires only a single antenna receiver. We first present the system architecture, then we design and realize a Rotman lens-based circular antenna array transmitter operating at 5.8 GHz. We then experimentally verify the capability of the hardware to create multiple modes. As a proof-of-concept, we propose a communication system that simultaneously uses mode 0 and +1 of the OAM beamformer and in doing so show how a single receive antenna can be used for data recovery. We first identify a general analogue modulation expression and use the proposed system to transmit digitally modulated data stream to a single antenna equipped receiver. A pre-communication training sequence is required to realize the proposed approach. Experimental results verify the simulated predictions.

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Generation of Broadband High-Purity Dual-Mode OAM Beams Using A Four-Feed Patch Antenna: Theory and Implementation

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Generation of OAM Waves and Analysis of Mode Purity for�G燬ub-6燝Hz燗pplications

Generation of OAM Waves and Analysis of Mode Purity for�G燬ub-6燝Hz燗pplications

Mode Purity Improvement of High‐Order Vortex Waves

Physical Layer Secure Communication Using Orbital Angular Momentum Transmitter and a Single-Antenna Receiver

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