Generation of biohybrid implants using a multipotent human periodontal ligament cell line and bioactive core materials

Abstract

We aimed to generate periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue-like structures from a multipotent human PDL cell line using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology and to incorporate these structures with bioactive core materials to develop a new biohybrid implant system. After 3D bioprinting, single-cell spheroids were able to form 3D tubular structures (3DTBs). We established three types of complexes using 3DTBs and different core materials: 3DTB-titanium core (TIC), 3DTB-hydroxyapatite core (HAC), and 3DTB without a core material (WOC). The expressions of PDL-, angiogenesis-, cementum-, and bone-related genes were significantly increased in the three complexes compared with monolayer-cultured cells. Abundant collagen fibers and cells positive for the above markers were confirmed in the three complexes. However, more positive cells were detected in HAC than in WOC or TIC. The present results suggest that 3D-bioprinted structures and hydroxyapatite core materials can function similarly to the PDL and may be useful for the development of a new biohybrid implant system.

Recent advances of functional modules for tooth regeneration

“…This method has been used for PDL regeneration. 125 Overall, most studies have utilized 3D bioprinting to construct functional tooth modules for periodontal tissue regeneration.…”

Cementum is key to periodontal tissue regeneration: A review on apatite microstructures for creation of novel cementum‐based dental implants

“…Evidence confirming that cementum is morphologically, structurally, and functionally formed is somewhat lacking. In vitro comparisons between the affinity of HAP and periodontal ligament cells to titanium implants have also been assessed (Ono et al, 2021).…”

Additive Manufactured Polymers in Dentistry, Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives-A Review

“…3D bioprinting in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery is currently involved in manufacturing soft and hard tissue structures for application in periodontal [170][171][172], periodontal ligament (PDL) [173,174], dental tissue [175][176][177][178], dental pulp [68,179,180], dentin [68,179,181], bone [182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195], and alveolar bone [182,183,196,197] regeneration, as well as head and neck cancer in vitro models [198] (Table 2).…”

“…Complex, hybrid, multilayered tissue structures have been attempted, the ultimate goal being to manufacture future additive for whole tooth [174].…”