This
work demonstrates the confinement of porous metal–organic
framework (HKUST-1) on the surface and walls of track-etched nanochannel
in polyethylene terephthalate (np-PET) membrane using a liquid-phase
epitaxy (LPE) technique. The composite membrane (HKUST-1/np-PET) exhibits
defect-free MOF growth continuity, strong attachment of MOF to the
support, and a high degree of flexibility. The high flexibility and
the strong confinement of the MOF in composite membrane results from
(i) the flexible np-PET support, (ii) coordination attachment between
HKUST-1 and the support, and (iii) the growth of HKUST-1 crystal in
nanoconfined geometries. The MOF has a preferred growth orientation
with a window size of 3.5 Å, resulting in a clear cut-off of
CO2 from natural gas and olefins. The experimental results
and DFT calculations show that the restricted diffusion of gases only
takes place through the nanoporous MOF confined in the np-PET substrate.
This research thereby provides a new perspective to grow other porous
MOFs in artificially prepared nanochannels for the realization of
continuous, flexible, and defect-free membranes for various applications.