Generation and transmission of fractional‐order optical bright solitons in single mode fiber

Abstract

This article addresses the generation and transmission of fractional-order optical bright solitons (OBSs) in silica based single mode fiber. We take into account secondorder dispersion effect in the presence of anomalous dispersion and self-phase modulation together with third-order dispersion. Fractional-order OBS have been extracted using nonlinear Schrodinger equation. We consider dispersion dominant case with variation of data rates from 10 to 60 Gbps covering ultralong distance of 9040 km. The transmission link is composed of optical amplifier with gain of 20 dB and a noise figure of 4 dB. The analytical computations are carried out to calculate the nonlinear dispersive effects and a comparison is made between the analytical and simulated results. Erbiumdoped fiber amplifier and dispersion compensated fiber have been used to overcome fluctuations and to maintain the fractional-order OBS pulse profile. In the end, the outcomes are probed and compared on the basis of Q-factor and bit error rate (BER). It is observed that best OBS transmission result is achieved at 40 Gbps, where Q-factor is 9.85 with a corresponding BER of 2.91e −23 . K E Y W O R D S nonlinear Schrodinger equation, optical bright solitons, second-order dispersion, self-phase modulation, third-order dispersion

Propagation and interaction between special fractional soliton and soliton molecules in the inhomogeneous fiber

“…Many researchers have already succeeded in the study of fractional models [27] , [29] . Effective methods for solving fractional nonlinear Schrödinger (FNLS) equation have been achieved [30] , such as the fractional F-expansion method [28] , fractional Riccati method [26] and fractional bi-function method [31] . At the same time, some numerical methods have also been successfully used to solve the fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation [32] , and numerical solutions were derived by using Riesz-Feller Derivative and non-standard discretization [33] , [34] .…”

A series of abundant new optical solitons to the conformable space-time fractional perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation

“…The PNLSE with with conformable space-time fractional have been introduced to describe optical pulses in monomode optical fibers [10,11] and fractional-order optical bright solitons in single mode fiber were generated [12] briefly in optics [13]. Due to their wide range of applications in communications systems, optical solitons form the basic carriers for signal propagation across long distances [14][15][16].…”