Coumarin (o-coumaric acid lactone, C9H602) forms orthorhombic crystals, space group Pca21, Z= 4, a= 15.466 (12), b= 5.676 (6), c= 7.917 (6) A. The structure was solved by potential-energy calculations coupled with the minimum residual analysis. Three-dimensional X-ray data were measured with an offline Siemens automatic single-crystal diffractometer by the co-scan technique. The refinement was carried out by least-squares methods and the final R is 0.048. The carbon and oxygen atoms of coumarin lie in the same plane, the greatest deviation being 0.015 A. The crystal packing is characterized mainly by van der Waals and dipole-dipole interactions. However, the dipole-dipole contribution to the total potential energy does not seem to determine the molecular packing.