Generating standard reference electromagnetic fields in the NIST anechoic chamber, 0.2 to 40 GHz

Kanda, M.; Larsen, E B.; Koepke, Galen H.; Orr, Robert D.

doi:10.6028/nist.tn.1335

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…3 (a) shows the calibrated experimental electric field, E = tE 0 = t × 0.95 × V /d, with voltage amplitude V at the source. The overall relative uncertainty of the atom-based RF-field calibration performed in this experiment is ±0.5%, similar to what has been obtained in [22] and about an order of magnitude better than in traditional RF field calibration [23,24]. The use of narrow-band coupling and probe lasers, lower Rabi frequencies, and larger-diameter laser beams is expected to reduce the uncertainty to considerably smaller values.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Atom-Based Radio-Frequency Field Calibration and Polarization Measurement Using Cesium nDJ Floquet States

et al. 2017

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We investigate atom-based electric-field calibration and polarization measurement of a 100-MHz linearly polarized radio-frequency (RF) field using cesium Rydberg-atom electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a room-temperature vapor cell. The calibration method is based on matching experimental data with the results of a theoretical Floquet model. The utilized 60DJ fine structure Floquet levels exhibit J-and mj-dependent AC Stark shifts and splittings, and develop even-order RF-modulation sidebands. The Floquet map of cesium 60DJ fine structure states exhibits a series of exact crossings between states of different mj, which are not RF-coupled. These exact level crossings are employed to perform a rapid and precise (±0.5%) calibration of the RF electric field. We also map out three series of narrow avoided crossings between fine structure Floquet levels of equal mj and different J, which are weakly coupled by the RF field via a Raman process. The coupling leads to narrow avoided crossings that can also be applied as spectroscopic markers for RF field calibration. We further find that the line-strength ratio of intersecting Floquet levels with different mj provides a fast and robust measurement of the RF field's polarization.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Atom-Based Radio-Frequency Field Calibration and Polarization Measurement Using Cesium nDJ Floquet States

et al. 2017

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“…The Rabi frequency Ω RF (or ∆f 0 ) can be measured and the magnitude of the applied RF field can be determined by (4) or…”

Section: Eit and Autler-townes Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Rydberg Atom-Based Electric-Field Probe for SI-Traceable, Self-Calibrated Measurements

Holloway

Gordon

Jefferts

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

311

221

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Abstract-We discuss a fundamentally new approach for the measurement of electric (E) fields that will lead to the development of a broadband, direct SI-traceable, compact, selfcalibrating E-field probe (sensor). This approach is based on the interaction of radio frequency (RF) fields with alkali atoms excited to Rydberg states. The RF field causes an energy splitting of the Rydberg states via the Autler-Townes effect and we detect the splitting via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In effect, alkali atoms placed in a vapor cell act like an RFto-optical transducer, converting an RF E-field strength measurement to an optical frequency measurement. We demonstrate the broadband nature of this approach by showing that one small vapor cell can be used to measure E-field strengths over a wide range of frequencies: 1 GHz to 500 GHz. The technique is validated by comparing experimental data to both numerical simulations and far-field calculations for various frequencies. We also discuss various applications, including: a direct traceable measurement, the ability to measure both weak and strong field strengths, compact form factors of the probe, and sub-wavelength imaging and field mapping.Keywords: atom based metrology, Autler-Townes splitting, broadband sensor and probe, electrical field measurements and sensor, EIT, sub-wavelength imaging, Rydberg atoms

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“…The measurements were performed in the NIST anechoic chamber, which has been well-characterized for use in the 400 MHz to 40 GHz frequency range [5]. The targets were mounted on a precise positioning system that operates over a longitudinal range of approximately 4 m. The rails and all metallic parts of the cart are covered with rf absorber.…”

Section: Measurment Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflectivity studies of passive microwave calibration targets and absorptive materials

Cox

Houtz

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

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We report on the characterization of blackbody reflections as a part of the recent progress on the development of brightness standards for microwave remote sensing at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Three blackbody targets at variable temperatures used for airborne and/or satellite systems along with an aluminum plate were measured in terms of their reflection coefficients by horn antennas in connection with a vector network analyzer (VNA) in the WR-42 waveguide band. Precision measurements of reflection are needed for blackbody emissivity computation to check against the brightness temperature measurement of blackbody targets. All experiments were conducted in two distance ranges by free-space methods in an anechoic chamber. Preliminary results show negligible reflections from the calibration targets, indicating near ideal blackbody characteristics in the measured frequency range.

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Generating standard reference electromagnetic fields in the NIST anechoic chamber, 0.2 to 40 GHz

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Atom-Based Radio-Frequency Field Calibration and Polarization Measurement Using Cesium nDJ Floquet States

Atom-Based Radio-Frequency Field Calibration and Polarization Measurement Using Cesium nDJ Floquet States

Broadband Rydberg Atom-Based Electric-Field Probe for SI-Traceable, Self-Calibrated Measurements

Reflectivity studies of passive microwave calibration targets and absorptive materials

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