Generalized predictive control for fractional order dynamic model of solid oxide fuel cell output power

Fractional-order models of supercapacitors, batteries and fuel cells: a survey

“…-Monitoring the state-of-health of a PEMFC with respect to the water content of the membrane electrode assembly [46,47]; -Analyzing the reaction kinetics and interfacial characteristics of an anode in a DMFC [48]; -Characterizing the output power dynamics of a SOFC for management by a control system [49]; -Monitoring the anode colonization by electrode-reducing micro-organisms in an MFC [50].…”

“…The model given in Fig. 6b was presented in [49] to improve the control design for loadfollowing using model predictive control; which requires an accurate dynamic model. The model incorporates two CPEs to account for the behavior of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell in addition to R 0 , which represents the electrolyte resistance, fR 1 ; R 2 g which represent activation resistance of the anode and cathode, respectively, and fC 1 ; a 1 ; C 2 ; a 2 g which define the impedance of the electrical double layer.…”

“…The contribution of the two CPEs is clearly seen as the overlapping arcs at low and high frequencies. This model was further used in [49] to design a control system for the management of fuel cell output power.…”

Robust model predictive control for discrete-time fractional-order systems

“…Domek proposed an MPC setting for Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy fractional-order systems [15] and switched MPC of fractional-order systems [16]. Deng et al [10] proposed a predictive control scheme for the power regulation of a solid oxide fuel cell. A common denominator of all approaches in the literature is that they approximate the actual fractional dynamics by integer-order dynamics and design controllers for the approximate system using standard techniques.…”

Thermal management of an independent steam reformer for a solid oxide fuel cell with constrained generalized predictive control

“…Over recent decades, the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has attracted considerable attention because of its unique characteristics including high efficiency, fuel flexibility and its environmentally friendly properties, when adopting a steam reformer to produce hydrogen at high conversion ratio [1,2]. But, integrating a steam reformer into a SOFC system with one tail-burner provides a serious challenge to the operation of the SOFC system.…”