“…The second approach formulates the cross-section yield criterion in terms of generalized stresses, that is, axial force and bending moments. 2,[8][9][10] This is, therefore, more useful from an engineering point of view, being theoretically able to provide synthetic results in an extremely short time, and also making it possible to afford parametric studies on the design parameters. However, the accurate and efficient evaluation of the yield surfaces of steel or RC sections under axial force and biaxial bending as well as their use in elastoplastic analysis is not an easily resolved problem.…”