Generalized model for NOx and N2O emissions from soils

Parton, William J.; Holland, Elisabeth A.; Grosso, Stephen J. Del; Hartman, Melannie D.; Martin, Robert E.; Mosier, A. R.; Ojima, Dennis S.; Schimel, D.

doi:10.1029/2001jd900101

Cited by 438 publications

(387 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Volumetric soil water content (0-5 cm) was measured beneath each chamber immediately following sampling using a portable soil moisture meter (TH2O, Dynamax, Inc, Houston, TX, USA). NO fluxes were not directly measured; however, we estimated a range based on the two extremes of the reported NO/N 2 O ratios from field measurements or model simulation of lawns or fields fertilized with urea (0.005-14.7, Gu et al 2009;Hall et al 2008;Parton et al 2001;Stehfest and Bouwman 2006;Williams et al 1998). As a comparison, NO fluxes were also estimated as 1-3 % of nitrification (Baumgartner and Conrad 1992;Hutchinson and Davidson 1993) based on the net nitrification rates of each lawn.…”

Section: N Outputs In Gaseous and Aqueous Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen budgets of urban lawns under three different management regimes in southern California

Wang

Haver²,

Pataki

2013

Biogeochemistry

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We constructed nitrogen (N) budgets for the lawns of three simulated residences built to test the environmental impacts of three different residential landscape designs in southern California. The three designs included: a ''Typical'' lawn planted with cool season tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix), fertilized at the recommended rate for this species (192 kg -1 ha -1 year -1 ) and irrigated with an automatic timer; a design intended to lower N and water requirements (''Low Input'') with the warm season seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) fertilized at 123 kg -1 ha -1 year -1 and irrigated with a soil moisture-based system; and a design incorporating local best practices (''Low Impact'' lawn) that included the native sedge species Carex, fertilized at 48 kg -1 ha -1 year -1 and irrigated by a weather station-based system. Plant N uptake accounted for 33.2 ± 0.5 (tall fescue), 53.7 ± 0.7 (seashore paspalum), and 12.2 ± 1.3 % (Carex) of annual N inputs, while estimated N retention in soil was relatively large and similar in the three lawns (41-46 %). At lower N and water inputs than Typical, Low Input showed the highest annual clipping yield and N uptake, although it also had higher denitrification rates. Leaching inorganic N losses remained low even from the Typical lawn (2 %), while gaseous N losses were highly variable. The Low Input lawn was most efficient in retaining N with relatively low water and N costs, although its fertilization rates could be further reduced to lower gaseous N losses. Our results suggest that the choice of a warm-season, C 4 turf species with reduced rates of irrigation and fertilization is effective in this semi-arid region to maintain high productivity and N retention in plants and soils at low N and water inputs.

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Section: N Outputs In Gaseous and Aqueous Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen budgets of urban lawns under three different management regimes in southern California

Wang

Haver²,

Pataki

2013

Biogeochemistry

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“…Revisions are underway in the CASA framework, based in part on recent validation/comparison studies (Davidson et al 2000, Parton et al 2001. Regional driver data sets that will be used for extrapolation include nitrogen deposition isopleth maps, daily climate drivers, soils and satellite-based estimates of leaf area index, and land cover and vegetation type.…”

Section: Challenge #3 -How To Validate Landscape and Regional Scale Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Groffman

Venterea

Verchot

et al. 2006

Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology

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“…Here we implement a process-based parameterization of soil NO x emission as described by Parton et al (2001). This parameterization has been recently applied to the land model LM3V-N (Huang et al, 2015).…”

Section: A1 Soil No X Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This parameterization has been recently applied to the land model LM3V-N (Huang et al, 2015). In the parameterization, soil NO x from nitrification and denitrification is estimated based on the NO x over N 2 O emission ratio, which varies with the gas diffusivity (D/D 0 ) as described by the arctangent (ATAN) function (Parton et al, 2001). …”

Section: A1 Soil No X Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of surface ozone air quality to anthropogenic nitrogen deposition in the Northern Hemisphere

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Human activities have substantially increased atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen to the Earth's surface, inducing unintentional effects on ecosystems with complex environmental and climate consequences. One consequence remaining unexplored is how surface air quality might respond to the enhanced nitrogen deposition through surface-atmosphere exchange. Here we combine a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and a global land model (Community Land Model, CLM) to address this issue with a focus on ozone pollution in the Northern Hemisphere. We consider three processes that are important for surface ozone and can be perturbed by the addition of atmospheric deposited nitrogen -namely, emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone dry deposition, and soil nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions. We find that present-day anthropogenic nitrogen deposition (65 Tg N a −1 to the land), through enhancing plant growth (represented as increases in vegetation leaf area index, LAI, in the model), could increase surface ozone from increased biogenic VOC emissions (e.g., a 6.6 Tg increase in isoprene emission), but it could also decrease ozone due to higher ozone dry deposition velocities (up to 0.02-0.04 cm s −1 increases). Meanwhile, deposited anthropogenic nitrogen to soil enhances soil NO x emissions. The overall effect on summer mean surface ozone concentrations shows general increases over the globe (up to 1.5-2.3 ppbv over the western US and South Asia), except for some regions with high anthropogenic NO x emissions (0.5-1.0 ppbv decreases over the eastern US, western Europe, and North China). We compare the surface ozone changes with those driven by the past 20-year climate and historical land use changes. We find that the impacts from anthropogenic nitrogen deposition can be comparable to the climate-and land-use-driven surface ozone changes at regional scales and partly offset the surface ozone reductions due to land use changes reported in previous studies. Our study emphasizes the complexity of biosphere-atmosphere interactions, which can have important implications for future air quality prediction.

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Generalized model for NO_x and N₂O emissions from soils

Cited by 438 publications

References 62 publications

Nitrogen budgets of urban lawns under three different management regimes in southern California

Nitrogen budgets of urban lawns under three different management regimes in southern California

Landscape and Regional Scale Studies of Nitrogen Gas Fluxes

Responses of surface ozone air quality to anthropogenic nitrogen deposition in the Northern Hemisphere

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