Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Peptic Ulcer Disease Among Adults in the United States

Goodwin, Renée D.; Stein, Murray B.

doi:10.1097/00006842-200211000-00002

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The muscle tension and inhibition of Increased risk of peptic ulcer disease Goodwin et al, 2009 Increase in number of stomach ulcers Guile, 1987;Seligman, 1968 Increased risk is correlated with the number of anxiety symptoms Goodwin & Stein, 2002 DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (text revision), CRF corticotropin releasing factor, ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone, CORT corticosterone/cortisol. (-) indicates findings that may contradict or may not directly support the face validity of CC as a GAD model motor behavior seen in GAD patients (de Beurs, Beekman, van Balkom, Deeg, van Dyck & van Tilburg, 1999;Lyonfields, Borkovec, & Thayer, 1995), as well as the often-experienced feeling of the mind going blank (American Psychiatric Association, 2000), might be analogous to the freezing response of anxious rats (Antoniadis & McDonald, 1999;Phillips & LeDoux, 1994).…”

Section: Face Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contextual conditioning in rats as an animal model for generalized anxiety disorder

Luyten

Vansteenwegen

Kuyck

et al. 2011

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal models of psychiatric disorders are important translational tools for exploring new treatment options and gaining more insight into the disease. Thus far, there is no systematically validated animal model for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a severely impairing and difficult-to-treat disease. In this review, we propose contextual conditioning (CC) as an animal model for GAD. We argue that this model has sufficient face validity (there are several symptom similarities), predictive validity (it responds to clinically effective treatments), and construct validity (the underlying mechanisms are comparable). Although the refinement and validation of an animal model is a never-ending process, we want to give a concise overview of the currently available evidence. We suggest that the CC model might be a valuable preclinical tool to enhance the development of new treatment strategies and our understanding of GAD.

show abstract

Section: Face Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a dose-response relationship exists between the number of anxiety symptoms and the increased risk of peptic ulcer disease (Goodwin & Stein, 2002).…”

Section: Face Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual conditioning in rats as an animal model for generalized anxiety disorder

Luyten

Vansteenwegen

Kuyck

et al. 2011

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, several investigations in combat-veteran samples have repeatedly found a strong association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and poor physical health functioning [Calhoun et al, 2002;Rosenberg et al, 2000;Schnurr et al, 2000]. Similarly, large-scale epidemiologic studies have found a positive association between the presence of anxiety disorder diagnoses and presence of physical disorders [Goodwin, 2002;Goodwin et al, 2003a;Goodwin and Stein, 2002;Honda and Goodwin, 2004;Huovinen et al, 2001;Ortega et al, 2002Ortega et al, , 2004a. Among studies that have examined the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and depressive disorders with chronic pain conditions, it is noteworthy that the associations between anxiety disorders and chronic pain have been found to be stronger than the associations between depression and chronic pain [McWilliams et al, 2003[McWilliams et al, , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between anxiety disorders and physical disorders in the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although depression has clearly been shown to be associated with physical disorders, few studies have examined whether anxiety disorders are independently associated with medical conditions after adjusting for comorbid mental disorders. We examined the relationship between anxiety disorders and a wide range of physical disorders in a nationally representative sample. Data came from the National Comorbidity Survey (N=5,877, range=age 15-54 years, response rate=82.4%). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview [Kessler et al., 1998] was used to make DSM-III-R [American Psychiatric Association, 1987] mental disorder diagnoses. Physical disorders were assessed based on a list of several conditions shown to respondents. All analyses utilized multiple logistic regression to examine the relationship between past-year anxiety disorder diagnosis and past-year chronic physical disorder. Anxiety disorders were positively associated with physical disorders even after adjusting for mood disorders, substance-use disorders, and sociodemographics. Among respondents with one or more physical disorders, a comorbid anxiety disorder diagnosis was associated with an increased likelihood of disability even after adjusting for severity of pain, comorbid mood, and substance use disorders. Among specific anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic attacks, and agoraphobia were more likely to be associated with specific physical disorders than generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, or simple phobia. There is a strong and unique association between anxiety disorders and physical disorders. Clinically, the presence of an anxiety disorder among patients with physical disorders may confer a greater level of disability.

show abstract

“…The majority of persons with GAD experience at least one other mental disorder at some point, most commonly major depressive disorder (MDD) [Massion et al, 1993;Stein, 2001;Wittchen et al, 1994]. Persons with GAD also frequently experience comorbid physical disorders (e.g., peptic ulcer disease, diabetes, and irritable bowel syndrome), as well as cardiac and other somatic symptoms that often have no identifiable physiologic etiology [Carter and Maddock, 1992;Goodwin and Stein, 2002;Grigsby et al, 2002;Kane et al, 1988;Louge et al, 1993;Lydiard, 2000;Lydiard et al, 1993;Pearce et al, 1990;Roy-Byrne and Wagner, 2004]. If left untreated, GAD tends to follow a chronic course with periodic exacerbations [Ballenger et al, 2001;Wittchen et al, 2003].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human and economic burden of generalized anxiety disorder

Hoffman¹,

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The goal of the current work is to provide a comprehensive review and interpretation of the literature on the human and economic burden of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and how it compares with that of other mental disorders. The term “human burden” is used to describe quantified impairments in role functioning and quality of life (QOL). “Economic burden” describes costs related to health care resource utilization and lost work. A review of 34 studies reporting original quantitative data on associations between GAD and role functioning, QOL, and/or economic costs was undertaken. GAD was defined by DMS‐III‐R, DSM‐IV, or ICD‐10 DCR. Persons with GAD (both with and without a comorbid mental disorder) described significant impairments due to both physical and emotional problems. Studies typically showed that role and QOL impairments of GAD were at least comparable in magnitude to those of other anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, and physical conditions, and greater than those of substance use disorders. Large representative studies showed that role impairments of pure GAD were similar in magnitude to those of pure MDD. Studies of DSM‐IV disorders showed that QOL impairments of GAD were at least comparable in magnitude to those of MDD; studies of DSM‐III‐R disorders showed the opposite pattern. GAD was associated with considerable economic costs owing to lost work productivity and high medical resource use. Quality of care initiatives that have been implemented to increase recognition and improve treatment outcomes for persons with MDD should be extended to the effective management of GAD. Depression Anxiety 0:1–19, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Peptic Ulcer Disease Among Adults in the United States

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Contextual conditioning in rats as an animal model for generalized anxiety disorder

Contextual conditioning in rats as an animal model for generalized anxiety disorder

The relationship between anxiety disorders and physical disorders in the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey

Human and economic burden of generalized anxiety disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About