We introduce and study the quantum version of the differential operator algebra on Laurent polynomials and its associated Lie algebra over a field F of characteristic 0. The q-quantum torus Fq is the unital associative algebra over F generated by t ±1 1 , . . . , t ±1 n subject to the defining relationsis the derivation on Fq sending t k 1 1 · · · t kn n to k i t k 1 1 · · · t kn n . Then, the quantum differential operator algebra is the associative algebra Fq [D].Assume that Fq [D] is simple as an associative algebra. We compute explicitly all 2-cocycles of Fq [D], viewed as a Lie algebra. More precisely, we show that the second cohomology group of Fq [D] has dimension n if D = 0, dimension 1 if dim D = 1, and dimension 0 if dim D > 1.We also determine all isomorphisms and anti-isomorphisms Fq[D] → F q [D ] of simple associative algebras, and all isomorphisms Fq[D]/F → F q [D ]/F of simple Lie algebras.