Generalization patterns for reach adaptation and proprioceptive recalibration differ after visuomotor learning

Cressman, Erin K.; Henriques, Denise Y. P.

doi:10.1152/jn.00415.2014

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…One experimental approach is to misalign visual information of a limb or target during motor learning and then to evaluate the recalibration of proprioceptive system with respect to the visual system after training. These studies show that proprioceptive recalibration can be incomplete and is slower than motor adaptation, which indicates that likely two separate neural processes underlie sensory recalibration and adaptive motor learning 37 – 39 . In contrast, in the current study neither visual nor proprioceptive information was altered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A robot-aided visuo-motor training that improves proprioception and spatial accuracy of untrained movement

Elangovan

Cappello

Masia

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Proprioceptive function can become enhanced during motor learning. Yet, we have incomplete knowledge to what extent proprioceptive function is trainable and how a training that enhances proprioception may influence performance in untrained motor skills. To address this knowledge gap, healthy young adults (N = 14) trained in a visuomotor task that required learners to make increasingly accurate wrist movements. Using a robotic exoskeleton coupled with a virtual visual environment, participants tilted a virtual table through continuous wrist flexion/extension movements with the goal to position a rolling ball on table into a target. With learning progress, the level of difficulty increased by altering the virtual ball mechanics and the gain between joint movement and ball velocity. Before and after training, wrist position sense acuity and spatial movement accuracy in an untrained, discrete wrist-pointing task was assessed using the same robot. All participants showed evidence of proprioceptive-motor learning. Mean position sense discrimination threshold improved by 34%. Wrist movement accuracy in the untrained pointing task improved by 27% in 13/14 participants. This demonstrates that a short sensorimotor training challenging proprioception can a) effectively enhance proprioceptive acuity and b) improve the accuracy of untrained movement. These findings provide a scientific basis for applying such somatosensory-based motor training to clinical populations with known proprioceptive dysfunction to enhance sensorimotor performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A robot-aided visuo-motor training that improves proprioception and spatial accuracy of untrained movement

Elangovan

Cappello

Masia

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…This is supported by previous research showing that motor and perceptual effects exhibit different patterns of saving 25 and retention 11 , distinct adaptation rates 6,15 and uncorrelated amounts of adaptation 8,9,12,13 . They also exhibit different patterns of generalization to other limbs 17 or novel targets 18,19 . Thus, while the limited washout of motor after-effects by the perceptual task might be due to testing differences, it could also indicate that the processes underlying motor and perceptual after-effects might be partially independent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Namely, a recent study probing the perception of one leg position with respect to the body did not find passive or active perceptual after-effects despite robust motor after-effects 16 . This might be due to how perceptual after-effects were tested given evidence that passive and active perceptual changes post-adaptation are sensitive to the condition in which they are evaluated 17–19 . For example, passive perceptual after-effects depend on the limb that is tested 13 , raising the possibility that clearer perceptual changes could be observed when probing both limbs contributing to each step length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Split-Belt walking induces changes in active, but not passive, perception of step length

Sombric

Gonzalez-Rubio

Torres-Oviedo

2019

Preprint

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16The estimation of limbs' position is critical for motor control. While motor adaptation 17 changes the estimation of limb position in volitional arm movements, this has not been 18 observed in locomotion. We hypothesized that split-belt walking with the legs moving at 19 different speeds changes the estimation of the legs' position when taking a step. Thus, we 20 assessed young subjects' perception of step length (i.e., inter-feet distance at foot 21 landing) when they moved their legs (active perception) or these were moved by the 22 experimenter (passive perception).Step length's active, but not passive perception was 23 altered by split-belt walking; indicating that adapted efferent inputs changed the 24 perceived limbs' position without changing information from sensory signals. These 25 perceptual shifts were sensitive to how they were tested: they were observed in the 26 trailing, but not the leading leg, and they were more salient when tested with short than 27 long step lengths. Our results suggest that sensory changes following motor adaptation 28 might arise from mismatched limb position estimates from different sensory sources (i.e., 29 proprioception and vision), which is less prominent in walking. We also speculate that 30 split-belt walking could improve the deficient perception of step length post-stroke, 31 which contributes to their gait asymmetry impairing patients' mobility. 32 33

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“…Specifically, changes in afferent-based hand localization, i.e., proprioceptive recalibration, have been shown to be separate from motor changes; with different time courses (Ruttle et al, 2016) and generalization patterns (Cressman & Henriques, 2015). Since changes in localization are not affected by our manipulations of awareness of the perturbation, they might be largely implicit processes.…”

Section: Hand Localizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effects of awareness of the perturbation during motor adaptation on hand localization

Modchalingam

Vachon

Hart

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Explicit awareness of a task is often evoked during rehabilitation and sports training with the intention of accelerating learning and improving performance. However, the effects of awareness of perturbations on the resulting sensory and motor changes produced during motor learning are not well understood. Here, we use explicit instructions as well as large rotation sizes to generate awareness of the perturbation during a visuomotor rotation task and test the resulting changes in both perceived and predicted sensory consequences as well as implicit motor changes.We split participants into 4 groups which differ in both magnitude of the rotation (either 30° or 60°) during adaptation, and whether they receive a strategy to counter the rotation or not prior to adaptation. Performance benefits of explicit instruction are largest during early adaptation but continued to lead to improved performance through 90 trials of training. We show that with either instruction, or with large perturbations, participants become aware of countering the rotation.However, we find a base amount of implicit learning, with equal magnitudes, across all groups, even when asked to exclude any strategies while reaching with no visual feedback of the hand.Participants also estimate the location of the unseen hand when it is moved by the robot (passive localization) and when they generate their own movement (active localization) following adaptation. These learning-induced shifts in estimates of hand position reflect both proprioceptive recalibration and updates in the predicted consequences of movements. We find that these estimates of felt hand position, which reflect updates in both proprioception and efference based estimates of hand position, shift significantly for all groups and were not modulated by either instruction or perturbation size. 2Our results indicate that not all processes of motor learning benefit from an explicit awareness of the task. Particularly, proprioceptive recalibration and the updating of predicted sensory consequences are largely implicit processes.

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Generalization patterns for reach adaptation and proprioceptive recalibration differ after visuomotor learning

Abstract: Cressman EK, Henriques DY. Generalization patterns for reach adaptation and proprioceptive recalibration differ after visuomotor learning.

Cited by 26 publications

References 49 publications

A robot-aided visuo-motor training that improves proprioception and spatial accuracy of untrained movement

A robot-aided visuo-motor training that improves proprioception and spatial accuracy of untrained movement

Split-Belt walking induces changes in active, but not passive, perception of step length

The effects of awareness of the perturbation during motor adaptation on hand localization

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