Generalised alopecia associated with demodicosis in wild roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Localized demodicosis due to Demodex cati on the muzzle of two cats treated with inhalant glucocorticoids

“…1 Demodicosis due to D. cati is often associated with concurrent systemic disease, including feline immunodeficiency virus infection, [2][3][4] Mycoplasma haemofelis infection, 5 hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. 6,7 Although malnutrition, systemic illness, stress or neoplasia with associated generalized immunosuppression are commonly discussed factors linked to the development of demodicosis in several species [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] , local immunosuppression at the skin level appears to play an important role as well. Indeed, local immunosuppression due to the application of topical immunomodulatory drugs, such as glucocorticoids and tacrolimus, or by tumour cells has been suggested as a potential trigger for development of a localized demodicosis in humans and animals.…”

Demodicosis in Chamois (Rupicapra rupicaprasubsp.rupicapra) in the Italian Alps, 2013–14

“…The immune system appears to detect Demodex antigens by Toll-like receptor 2 membrane proteins from keratinocytes, eliciting an innate immune response with an inhibitory effect on mite proliferation without inducing an inflammatory response (Ferrer et al 2014). Demodicosis is a common disease in domestic animals, but has also been described worldwide in several wild ruminant species, including roe deer (Capreolus capreolus; De Bosschere et al 2007; Barlow and Wood 2011), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus; Gentes et al 2007), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; Nemeth et al 2014), black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus; Bildfell et al 2004), African buffalo (Syncerus caffer; Woulhuter et al 2009), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), European red deer (Cervus elaphus; Desch et al 2010;Izdebska et al 2013), and European bison (Bison bonasus; Karbowiak et al 2014).…”