General method for the computation of radiation in stratified media

Wang, J.J.H.

doi:10.1049/ip-h-2.1985.0012

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…[20,21] This numerical approach can be developed for the general case of arbitrary dipole configurations, geometries of stratification, and dielectric and ferromagnetic properties. [22] 3.1. FFT method Before evaluating the application of FFT to the integrals in (1)-(6), the method was first discussed.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic field radiated in air from a horizontal/vertical magnetic dipole in sea

Wang

Yang

Zheng

2015

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves across the seawaterair interface influence seawater to air communication. The type of underwater antenna determines EM wave propagation performance. However, studies rarely compared the performance of horizontal and vertical magnetic dipoles (HMD and VMD). In this study, the EM fields in air due to HMD/VMD immersed in sea were derived to provide a basis for selecting a suitable underwater antenna for EM wave propagation in undersea-air communication. Analytic results were obtained from the model of a three-layered conducting media. Associated expressions in air were numerically calculated using the fast Fourier Transform algorithm to present the propagation curves and the distribution patterns of the EM fields. A proof of concept measurement system was constructed, and sea experiments were conducted and compared with theoretical studies. The maximum transmitting-receiving distance in the experiment was achieved by the HMD. The theoretical and experimental results indicate that the HMD antenna is superior to the VMD antenna and that the suggested band of EM wave is feasible for transmission across the seawater-air interface.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integrands in (1) derivative; as a result, the convergence of g(λ) and the form of (12) will also be different. [22] The derivation of each component of HMD and VMD must be carefully handled. Parameters such as N, Δλ and v R must be properly selected.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic field radiated in air from a horizontal/vertical magnetic dipole in sea

Wang

Yang

Zheng

2015

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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“…Since the rotating permanent magnet can be equivalent to two orthogonally placed magnetic dipoles, the magnetic feld of RMBMA in the three-layer medium can be synthesized by the magnetic feld of two orthogonal magnetic dipoles in the three-layer medium. In the cylindrical coordinate system, the total feld is written as the sum of the transverse electric feld and the transverse magnetic feld [17][18][19][20], and the boundary conditions are satisfed on the interface. Te magnetic feld of the horizontal magnetic dipole in the three-layer medium is shown in formula (2), where c z is the z-direction wave number in seawater and c r is the radial wave number.…”

Section: Propagation Model Based On Air-seawater-seabed Three-layer M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation Characteristics and Magnetic Field Distribution of Rotating Magnet-Based Mechanical Antenna in the Air-Seawater-Seabed Three-Layer Medium

Chen,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Aiming at the application requirements of underwater cross-domain communication, based on the equivalent relationship between the rotating permanent magnet and the orthogonal time-varying current loop, this paper establishes an air-seawater-seabed three-layer medium model and analyzes the magnetic field distribution and propagation characteristics of the rotating permanent magnet-based mechanical antenna (RMBMA). Based on the electromagnetic field simulation software FEKO, the influence of vertical rotation and horizontal rotation of RMBMA on the radiation magnetic field is analyzed. The magnetic field distribution and magnetic field attenuation characteristics of RMBMA at different depths are obtained by simulation. The influence of RMBMA operating frequency and magnetic moment on the propagation characteristics is studied. The research shows that the horizontal rotation of the magnetic source is better than the vertical rotation in the long-distance underwater communication. When the magnetic source and the receiving point are close to the interface of the medium, the magnetic field strength and the propagation distance can be relatively increased. With appropriate frequency and magnetic moment, the magnetic field strength and communication distance can be further increased.

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“…Due to the challenging evaluation of the Sommerfeld's integral, the transformation of the spectral to the spatial Green's functions has always been a great problem. Many attempts have been done to overcome this challenge such as numerical integration [9,10], applying Fast Fourier and Fast Hankel transforms [11,12], and rational function fitting method [3,13]. Another approach which is a more comprehensive method and is applicable to a wide range of different structures is called complex images (CI) technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel two‐dimensional periodic Green's function for the efficient analysis of structures made of elements perpendicular to the dielectric substrate by complex images

Valizdeh

Ameri

Faraji‐Dana

2019

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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Here, a simple, accurate and rapidly convergent method based on complex images (CI) technique is developed to derive a closed‐form Green's function for periodic structures perpendicular to a substrate. The Green's function is represented in a two criteria form, based on the distance of the field point from the source point. That is, for the small field point to source point distances, it is given in terms of a CI representation, while for the larger field point to source point distances, the contribution of the poles in the spectral domain function is used through the application of the residue theorem. The main advantage of the derived Green's function lies on its accuracy, ease of computation, and fast convergence. The usage of the derived closed‐form Green's functions in the mixed potential integral equation (MPIE), an efficient method for analysing periodic structures, has been introduced. The proposed method is applied to several examples, and the results are in good agreement with the simulations in commercial software.

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General method for the computation of radiation in stratified media

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Electromagnetic field radiated in air from a horizontal/vertical magnetic dipole in sea

Electromagnetic field radiated in air from a horizontal/vertical magnetic dipole in sea

Propagation Characteristics and Magnetic Field Distribution of Rotating Magnet-Based Mechanical Antenna in the Air-Seawater-Seabed Three-Layer Medium

Novel two‐dimensional periodic Green's function for the efficient analysis of structures made of elements perpendicular to the dielectric substrate by complex images

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