General internists influence students to choose primary care careers: The power of role modeling

Henderson, Mark C.; Hunt, Debra K.; Williams, John W

doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00334-8

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…9 On the other hand, the likelihood of choosing a primary care specialty increases when medical students have positive experiences in primary care clerkships 9 and greater exposure to generalist role models. 10 Because preclinical medical students who are interested in primary care have been found to identify more with medicine as a calling, 11 exposing students to generalist role models as early as possible may be particularly important in translating specialty preference to career choice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Students’ Views of Medicine as a Calling and Selection of a Primary Care-Related Residency

Kao

Jager

2018

Ann Fam Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the US health care system facing a primary care physician shortage, we evaluated whether medical students who saw medicine as a calling were more likely to enter a family medicine, internal medicine, or pediatrics residency program. Of the 591 4th-year medical students who responded to a survey item on medicine as a calling, 237 strongly agreed that the "practice of medicine is a calling." Students who strongly agreed that medicine was a calling had higher odds (P = .003) of selecting a primary care-related residency. Identifying with medicine as a calling may increase the likelihood of pursuing a primary care career.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Students’ Views of Medicine as a Calling and Selection of a Primary Care-Related Residency

Kao

Jager

2018

Ann Fam Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…7,8 However, while individual factors may be the most powerful influences, studies have indicated that certain experiences during training can complement these inherent characteristics regarding career choices. [9][10][11][12][13] In assessing the pre-existing characteristics of our study cohort, we found that participants not only had a great deal of non-academic international experience prior to residency, they chose Yale for training in part because of its international elective program. Moreover, residents stated that cross-cultural experience and a desire to serve a less privileged population were the most important, not the most frequent, reasons for participation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The International Health Program: the fifteen-year experience with Yale University's Internal Medicine Residency Program.

Gupta

Wells²,

Horwitz³

et al. 1999

Am J Trop Med Hyg

184

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of international health electives on physicians-intraining. A retrospective study was conducted using an anonymous, self-administered mailed survey to internal medicine residents who trained at Yale from 1982 to 1996 based on their experience with our International Health Program (IHP). The response rate was 61%, with 96 completed surveys in the participant group and 96 completed surveys in the nonparticipant group. Participants were more likely than nonparticipants to care for patients on public assistance (77 versus 49; P Ͻ 0.001) and immigrant patients (41 versus 23; P ϭ 0.006). Among residents who changed their career plans, participants (22) were more likely than nonparticipants (14) to switch from subspecialty medicine to general medicine (P ϭ 0.02). Participants were significantly more likely to have a positive view of health care delivery in developing countries. Compared with nonparticipants (64), IHP participants (74) believed that the physical examination is under-used by physicians from the United States as a diagnostic skill (P ϭ 0.03). International health experiences appeared to have an important impact on the decisions and attitudes of residents.International health electives are believed to impact residents in training in 3 ways: professional development, health care resource use, and outlooks and attitudes. 1 In a recent study, participants in an international experience indicated greater interest in areas of public health, working with underserved populations, or in academic general internal medicine upon completion of residency compared with nonparticipants. 2 Rotation in an international health elective has also been suggested as a means to strengthen clinical skills and reduce dependence on both laboratory and other diagnostic tests. 3,4 Finally, international health experiences are believed to affect participants' outlooks and attitudes, especially in the area of cross-cultural understanding. 1 Nevertheless, international health electives require substantial financial commitments from medical institutions facing economic challenges created by the forces of managed care. They are perceived to result in a loss of personnel resources for hospitals struggling to survive. In addition, they potentially expose physicians-in-training to health and safety risks. Although previous investigators have documented anticipated changes in career plans among residents participating in international electives, it is not clear how many of these recent graduates will actually pursue these intended professional changes in their future practice. 2

show abstract

“…Some studies suggested that the impact of clerkships depended on their intrinsic qualities, such as student perception of educational value, 22 student satisfaction with attending physicians and the quality of teaching, 38 or the specialty of teaching physicians. 28 In a small qualitative study, graduates stated that contact with family physician role models and the opportunity to see the diverse nature of work in family practice had been important experiences influencing their specialty choice. 44 Longitudinal Programs.…”

Section: Impact Of Interventions On Primary Care Specialty Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Interventions to Increase the Proportion of Medical Students Choosing a Primary Care Career: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Increasing the attractiveness of primary care careers is a key step in addressing the growing shortage of primary care physicians. The purpose of this review was to (1) identify interventions aimed at increasing the proportion of undergraduate medical students choosing a primary care specialty, (2) describe the characteristics of these interventions, (3) assess the quality of the studies, and (4) compare the findings to those of a previous literature review within a global context. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC, CINAHL, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, and Dissertations & Theses A&I for articles published between 1993 and February 20, 2015. We included quantitative and qualitative studies reporting on primary care specialty choice outcomes of interventions in the undergraduate medical curriculum, without geographic restrictions. Data extracted included study characteristics, intervention details, and relevant outcomes. Studies were assessed for quality and strength of findings using a five-point scale. RESULTS: The review included 72 articles reporting on 66 different interventions. Longitudinal programs were the only intervention consistently associated with an increased proportion of students choosing primary care. Successful interventions were characterized by diverse teaching formats, student selection, and good-quality teaching. Study quality had not improved since recommendations were published in 1995. Many studies used cross-sectional designs and non-validated surveys, did not include control groups, and were not based on a theory or conceptual framework. DISCUSSION: Our review supports the value of longitudinal, multifaceted, primary care programs to increase the proportion of students choosing primary care specialties. Isolated modules or clerkships did not appear to be effective. Our results are in line with the conclusions from previous reviews and add an international perspective, but the evidence is limited by the overall low methodological quality of the included studies. Future research should use more rigorous evaluation methods and include long-term outcomes.

show abstract

General internists influence students to choose primary care careers: The power of role modeling

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

Medical Students’ Views of Medicine as a Calling and Selection of a Primary Care-Related Residency

Medical Students’ Views of Medicine as a Calling and Selection of a Primary Care-Related Residency

The International Health Program: the fifteen-year experience with Yale University's Internal Medicine Residency Program.

Impact of Interventions to Increase the Proportion of Medical Students Choosing a Primary Care Career: A Systematic Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About