General Intelligence as a Major Source of Cognitive Variation Among Individuals of Three Species of Lemur, Uniting g with G

Menie, Michael A. Woodley of; Peñaherrera-Aguirre, Mateo

doi:10.1007/s40806-021-00304-x

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To test the first ancillary hypothesis, the phylogenetic distances among the three species of primate (distances were calculated with the R package Ape ; Paradis et al, 2004) were estimated, these values were then correlated with the pooled CV∗( g∗d ) correlations for each species pairing, as was done in Woodley of Menie and Peñaherrera-Aguirre (2021). The model yielded a medium magnitude and negative correlation between these variables (Table 3), contrary to what was found previously…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Burkart et al (2017a) suggested that these may be a major source of cognitive covariance among both individuals and species (by virtue of the role in regulating processes such as switching). This was found to be the case in both Woodley of Menie et al (2017) and Woodley of Menie and Peñaherrera-Aguirre (2021), where the top-performing subtests of the PCTB (attention, gaze, spatial memory, and object permanence) strongly overlapped with executive functioning. It is hypothesized that the top-performing subtests in the present analysis will also unambiguously relate to this.…”

Section: A New Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…consuming a wider variety of food items (diet categories n = 3). Consequently, it is feasible that a narrower diet breath has facilitated convergence with respect to the structure of their respective cognitive abilities, thus they can be similar without being closely related in a way that falsifies the phylogenetic distance prediction made in Woodley of Menie and Peñaherrera-Aguirre (2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present work uses the iterative moderation models developed in Woodley of Menie et al (2017) and Woodley of Menie and Peñaherrera-Aguirre (2021) to estimate the association between the size of the g∗d vector correlation coefficients and the subtest pooled CV. The first model evaluated this association in tufted capuchins ( Sapajus spp.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Woodley of Menie and Peñaherrera-Aguirre (2021) used the same methodology on a publicly available lemur data set published by Fichtel et al (2020). Fichtel and collaborators specifically examined the cognitive abilities of gray mouse lemurs ( Microcebus murinus ), ruffed lemurs ( Varecia variegata ), and ring-tailed lemurs ( Lemur catta ).…”

Section: A New Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Convergence between G and g in three monkey species (Sapajus spp, Ateles geoffroyi, and Macaca fascicularis).

Menie¹,

Peñaherrera-Aguirre²

2023

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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An open question in comparative psychology is whether the source of correlations among different measures of ability (the g factor) is shared between species, or is distinct. This is examined using data on the performance of three monkey species (tufted capuchins, black-handed spider monkeys, and longtailed macaques) on 16 cognitive ability measures. The differences between species pairs across measures are not generally strongly related to the degree to which the g factor loads on each subtest. Iteratively removing the subtests with the lowest coefficients of variance (CV), and recorrelating the species differences with subtest g-loadings was found to increase the association between the two. Across iterations, subtest pooled CV strongly and positively predicts the increase in the degree to which g-loadings are predictive of species difference in two comparisons, but is a weaker predictor in the comparison between tufted capuchins and black-handed spider monkeys. These associations were not related to phylogenetic distance but were very strongly related to species differences in the means of certain ecological factors. g-scores computed for each species on the basis of the three subtests with the highest CV values exhibited very-high magnitude (..9) associations with species-level G-scores. G is simply the species-level equivalent of g, resulting from covariation among cognitive ability measures at the level of species differences. Finally, as with previous studies, subtests that show the greatest species differences seem to draw on executive functioning, and attention, suggesting that these may be a phylogenetically conserved source of g across many animal taxa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%