General impedance synthesizer using minimal configuration of switching converters

Abstract

-A general impedance synthesizer using a minimum number of switching converters is studied in this paper. We begin with showing that any impedance can be synthesized by a circuit consisting of only two simple power converters, one storage element (e.g., capacitor), and one dissipative element (e.g., resistor) or power source. The implementation of such a circuit for synthesizing any desired impedance can be performed by (i) programming the input current given the input voltage such that the desired impedance function is achieved; (ii) controlling the amount of power dissipation (generation) in the dissipative element (source) so as to match the required active power of the impedance to be synthesized. Then, the instantaneous power will automatically be balanced by the storage element. Such impedance synthesizers find a lot of applications in power electronics. For instance, a resistance synthesizer can be used for power factor correction (PFC), a programmable capacitor or inductor synthesizer (comprising of small high-frequency converters) can be used for control applications.

A PFC voltage regulator with low input current distortion derived from a rectifierless topology

“…Possible future work may proceed along the idea of rectifierless configurations [7] as well as other practical design tradeoff considerations [8]. Finally, it should be pointed out that the two-converter configuration described in this paper represents a minimal converter configuration that can be used to emulate any input impedance, not limited to pure resistance [9].…”

“…The circulating power is reduced by a factor of 9.32 when compared with 4 . Obviously, if is the efficiency of each constituent converter, the total loss due to the circulating power is loss (8) Also, as power goes directly to the output through dc-dc converter 1, the loss is loss (9) Hence, the overall efficiency is loss loss (10) Alternatively, we can write (11) Fig. 4.…”