General Handling and Anesthesia for Experimental Surgery in Pigs

Kaiser, Gernot M.; Heuer, Matthias; Frühauf, Nils R.; Kühne, Christian; Broelsch, Christoph E.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2005.07.012

Cited by 53 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…8,33 Many reports have strongly recommended using the ventrodorsal position for orotracheal intubation of swine, although without presenting any evidence-based data for the recommendation. 4,7 In contrast to these authors, as well as to his own earlier publications, Swindle 6 has stated in his latest monograph that the position used is not relevant to successful intubation in swine. He only suggests dorsal recumbency in pigs with a total body weight of less than 50 kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ventral recumbency is crucial for fast and safe orotracheal intubation in laboratory swine

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to find the fastest, easiest and safest method of achieving orotracheal intubation for general anaesthesia in laboratory pigs. Twenty-one Yorkshire Â Landrace crossbreed male castrated pigs (32.9 + 4.8 kg) were investigated. Dorsal and ventral recumbency are the alternatives most frequently described for animal positioning during intubation procedures. Based on standardized induction of general anaesthesia using pentobarbital and remifentanil, the dorsoventral and ventrodorsal positions were compared with regard to the time needed, changes in oxygenation and circulatory response. Positioning was found to be crucial for fast orotracheal intubation. The time required for safe intubation is significantly shorter with the ventrodorsal position (17.3 s) in comparison with the dorsoventral position (58.4 s; P , 0.001). Hypoxia did not occur in either group. A significant drop in systolic blood pressure was observed in both groups. Diastolic and mean arterial pressures were not influenced by intubation. A significant increase in heart rate was observed in pigs intubated in ventral recumbency, but not after intubation in the dorsal position. Preoxygenation before intubation is vitally important for preventing hypoxia. With regard to clinical practice, the haemodynamic changes observed in this investigation do not appear to be relevant, as the mean arterial pressure was not altered and heart rates only increased moderately. It may be concluded that the ventrodorsal position can be recommended for orotracheal intubation in pigs as the first choice for providing a smooth and fast airway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ventral recumbency is crucial for fast and safe orotracheal intubation in laboratory swine

et al. 2009

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“…Studies (7) have already shown that the Legend: AP -arterial pressure; sys -systolic; dia -diastolic, HR -heart rate, preind -preinduction of anaesthesia, postind-postinduction of anaesthesia, EtCO2 -end tidal carbon dioxide ventrodorsal position is recommended for orotracheal intubation. Nevertheless, induction techniques vary from center to center (8). To the authors knowledge few papers were pubșished worldwide on this topic.…”

Section: Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Protocol of Inhalatory Induction of Anaesthesia in Experimental Swine Surgery. A Pilot Study

Popescu¹,

David²,

Pautov³

et al. 2016

JTMR

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Induction of Anaesthesia in swine may prove to be difficult because of the differences in anatomy and physiology. Intubation of large animals is especially difficult due to the length of the snout and the relative difficulty of obtaining adequate relaxation. The present study is aimed to compare two induction techniques for tracheal intubation in pigs. The secondary aim was to assess the effectiveness of a new anaesthetic protocol for experimental surgery. For this, six female pigs underwent two liver surgeries each. Induction of anaesthesia was performed either using intravenous propofol and fentanyl (IV intravenous group) or by using Sevoflurane (inhalatory group). The attending anaesthesiologist was asked to grade the ease of intubation from a scale between 1 and 5. Orotracheal intubation was easier to obtain in the inhalatory group (p=0.00) and a smaller number of attempts were necessary (p=0.00). A lower End-tidal CO2 after intubation was observed in the inhalatory group (p=0.05). There were no differences in both systolic (p=0.11) and diastolic (p=0.72) arterial pressure and heart rate (p=0.16) after induction of anaesthesia between the two groups. Maintenance of anaesthesia was made using Sevoflurane and boluses of fentanyl for adequate analgesia while no muscle relaxants were used. Intravenous morphine and ketoprofen were used for postoperative analgesia. In conclusion, volatile induction of anaesthesia is safe and offers a better view of the larynx in large swine, while the proposed anaesthetic protocol provides adequate anaesthesia for the surgeons and assures comfort to the animals.

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“…Before surgical interventions, the animals should be left to adapt to the environment for 24-48 h. Some authors recommend to have the animals delivered at least 2 to 3 weeks before the experiments to get them acclimated to the personal conditions, location, and food. (Kaiser et al, 2006) The operations should be performed after a 12-24 h starvation period. During this time only ad libitum oral water intake is admitted.…”

Section: Preoperative Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The orotracheal intubation is quite cumbersome but can be surpassed by positioning the pig in ventral decubitus and using a laryngoscope with long blade and a mandrel. (Kaiser et al, 2006) In difficult situations, larynx and trachea are manipulated from the outside to permit passage of the 6 Fr endotracheal tube. It is important for intubation to have the swallowing reflex completely abolished.…”

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the clinical observation of the swine remains a major part of the continuous monitoring of the pig. (Kaiser et al, 2006) Pigs are extremely sensible to medication administered during preanesthesia or anesthesia induction, being prone to developing epidermal allergic phenomenon with generalized skin rush, which may be relieved by corticoid administration. Although rare, an example of drug side effect is represented by the rapidly progressive liver decompensation with intraoperative death due to Halothane inhalation.…”

Section: Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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