General guidelines for using the sediment quality triad

Chapman, Peter M.; Anderson, Brian S.; Carr, Scott; Engle, Virginia D.; Green, Roger; Hameedi, Jawed; Harmon, Michele; Haverland, Pamela S.; Hyland, Jeffrey L.; Ingersoll, Chris G.; Long, Edward R.; Rodgers, John Killian L.; Salazar, Michael; Sibley, Paul K.; Smith, Paul Julian; Swartz, Richard C.; Thompson, B.; Windom, Herbert L.

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(96)00138-5

Cited by 90 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Appropriate graphic presentations of triad data (i.e. the triaxial graphs) are useful to describe the geographical trends and magnitude in differences among the sites studied, and to display the relationships between patterns of chemistry, toxicity and biology (Canfield et al, 1994;Chapman et al, 1997). In particular, the SQT can be defined as a conceptual framework for collecting synoptic measurements of the components, and for collectively assessing relative sediment quality (Chapman et al, 1997).…”

Section: Integrative Evaluation With Various Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental quality assessment on a river system polluted by mining activities

Liu

Coveney

Chen³

2003

Applied Geochemistry

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Section: Integrative Evaluation With Various Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental quality assessment on a river system polluted by mining activities

Liu

Coveney

Chen³

2003

Applied Geochemistry

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“…A common approach to assessing the potential risks associated with contaminated sediments involves a weight-of-evidence assessment, such as the Sediment Quality Triad (SQT; Long and Chapman, 1985;Chapman et al, 1987, Chapman, 1990Chapman, 1996;Chapman et al, 1997). SQTs consist of three unique and complementary components: sediment chemistry, which measure contamination, sediment toxicity tests, and in situ parameters (e.g., benthic community structure), which measure alteration (Chapman, 1990).…”

Section: List Of Tables and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: List Of Tables and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chapman et al (1997) suggested that toxicity test selection should account for "differences in routes of exposure and in organism physiology". Although specific guidance requiring porewater toxicity testing was not recommended, it is an obvious choice given the available guidance (Chapman, 1990;Chapman et al, 1997), and has been incorporated into many SQTs published in the peer-reviewed literature (e.g., Long et al 1990;Carr et al, 1996a,b;Carr et al, 2000;Anderson et al, 2001a;Hunt et al, 2001). Porewater toxicity tests have been developed for various organisms and toxicological endpoints, including polychaete reproduction (Carr et al, 1989), sea urchin fertilization and development (Carr and Chapman, 1992), copepod survival (Carr et al, 1996a) and kelp spore germination (Hooten and Carr, 1998).…”

Section: List Of Tables and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of porewater and elutriate bivalve larval development toxicity testing in a sediment quality triad framework

McDonald

2005

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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The magnitude and extent of contaminated marine sediment are frequently assessed using a Sediment Quality Triad framework involving multiple toxicity tests using a variety of species, toxicological endpoints and exposure systems. Data are integrated into an overall assessment of sediment quality using a weight of evidence approach. Guidance on the selection of appropriate toxicity tests recommends a wide range of organism type, life-cycle, exposure route, and feeding type be includedporewater bivalve larval development tests increases the number of exposure routes under consideration.Interpretation of porewater toxicity data are subject to limitations, in part, related to the extensive chemical manipulations associated with the extraction of in situ anoxic porewater and the subsequent aeration required for the laboratory-based toxicity test. The ability of the porewater-only test to represent ecologically relevant adverse effects in the field appears minimal. Results from concurrent porewater and elutriate toxicity testing using newly fertilized larvae of the bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis are provided to illustrate these problems. Porewater samples were consistently more toxic than the corresponding elutriate sample, and ammonia, a common confounding factor in sediment toxicology, was identified as the most likely toxic agent for the majority of samples.Porewater toxicity testing using M galloprovincialis is therefore not recommended as a routine element of the sediment quality triad unless additional chemistry (samples used for testing as well as in situ) are available to facilitate an appropriate interpretation of the resulting toxicity data. DEDICATIONFor all the support and understanding from my beloved wife, Elana.

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“…The distribution of aquatic macroinvertebrate species and communities is controlled by a variety of environmental factors such as depth, water quality (Hellawell, 1986), substrate type (Reynoldson et al, 1995;Chapman et al, 1997), sediment grain size (Tolkamp, 1980), organic matter content in sediments (Rodriguez et al, 2001;Ciutat et al, 2006) or contaminants (Clements & Kiffney, 1993;Phipps et al, 1995). The occurrence of macrophytes is also of great importance for macrozoobenthos (Hargeby et al, 1994;Scheffer, 1998;Declerck et al, 2005), as well as the presence of a "coarse" detritus (particle diameter > 480 µm) in sediments (Moss & Timms, 1989;Kornijów et al, 1995;Merritt et al, 2002) which arise mainly from plant decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of substrate change on macrozoobenthos structure

Mimier

Żbikowski

2017

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Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the increase in the organic matter content in the bottom sediments on the benthic fauna structure. The research was carried out in a strongly rheolimnic the Włocławek Dam Reservoir (Poland). The samples were taken on eight dates from March 1988 to February 1989. The sampling sites were located at the following depths: 1 m, 2 m, 5 m, 8 m and 10 m.The organic matter content in the bottom sediments increased with depth from 0.6% at a depth of 1 m to 13.2% at a 10 m depth. To a depth of 8 m, the bottom fauna was relatively rich in quality. The significant decline in the diversity and, above all, the number of taxa of the macrozoobenthos groups, only at a depth of 10 m were found. In turn, the abundance (density and biomass) of the bottom fauna increased with depth of the site.The analysis of the increase in Oligochaeta abundance with depth suggests that at the level of about 4% of the organic matter content in the bottom sediments, the food conditions are no longer a factor limiting the Oligochaeta occurrence.

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General guidelines for using the sediment quality triad

Cited by 90 publications

References 17 publications

Environmental quality assessment on a river system polluted by mining activities

Environmental quality assessment on a river system polluted by mining activities

Comparison of porewater and elutriate bivalve larval development toxicity testing in a sediment quality triad framework

Effect of substrate change on macrozoobenthos structure

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