General functioning predicts reward and punishment learning in schizophrenia

Somlai, Zsuzsanna; Moustafa, Ahmed A.; Kéri, Szabolcs; Myers, Catherine E.; Gluck, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.07.028

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, most previous research has found that this deficit is primarily in learning from positive feedback, and that people with schizophrenia have relatively intact learning from negative feedback (e.g., Somlai et al, 2011; Strauss et al, 2011; Waltz et al, 2011). Although the t-tests did not reveal a difference between people with schizophrenia and healthy controls in the percentage of time they avoided B in the testing phase, there was not a significant group by valence interaction, which suggests that the observed deficit was related to learning from both positive and negative feedback.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reinforcement learning deficits in people with schizophrenia persist after extended trials

Cicero

Martin

Becker

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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Previous research suggests that people with schizophrenia have difficulty learning from positive feedback and when learning needs to occur rapidly. However, they seem to have relatively intact learning from negative feedback when learning occurs gradually. Participants are typically given a limited amount of acquisition trials to learn the reward contingencies and then tested about what they learned. The current study examined whether participants with schizophrenia continue to display these deficits when given extra time to learn the contingences. Participants with schizophrenia and matched healthy controls completed the Probabilistic Selection Task, which measures positive and negative feedback learning separately. Participants with schizophrenia showed a deficit in learning from both positive and negative feedback. These reward learning deficits persisted even if people with schizophrenia are given extra time (up to 10 blocks of 60 trials) to learn the reward contingencies. These results suggest that the observed deficits cannot be attributed solely to slower learning and instead reflect a specific deficit in reinforcement learning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Reinforcement learning deficits in people with schizophrenia persist after extended trials

Cicero

Martin

Becker

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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“…However, reward learning may be typical in schizophrenia over longer learning trials [410], and in individuals with less severe symptoms [414]. Overall, however, studies of reward learning in individuals with schizophrenia are consistent with the framework that patients with schizophrenia have intact hedonic responses but impaired motivation and reward representation, leading to a failure to motivate their behavior for rewards [415].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Dichter

Damiano

Allen

2012

J Neurodevelop Disord

253

207

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This review summarizes evidence of dysregulated reward circuitry function in a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and genetic syndromes. First, the contribution of identifying a core mechanistic process across disparate disorders to disease classification is discussed, followed by a review of the neurobiology of reward circuitry. We next consider preclinical animal models and clinical evidence of reward-pathway dysfunction in a range of disorders, including psychiatric disorders (i.e., substance-use disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorders), neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder), and genetic syndromes (i.e., Fragile X syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Williams syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Rett syndrome). We also provide brief overviews of effective psychopharmacologic agents that have an effect on the dopamine system in these disorders. This review concludes with methodological considerations for future research designed to more clearly probe reward-circuitry dysfunction, with the ultimate goal of improved intervention strategies.

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“…Such an interpretation would predict that individuals with schizophrenia would show deficits on reinforcement learning tasks that also tap into these mechanisms. However, the evidence suggests surprisingly intact performance on a range of tasks in which learning is either relatively easy or relatively implicit (Elliott et al 1995;Hutton et al 1998;Joyce et al 2002;Turner et al 2004;Tyson et al 2004;Jazbec et al 2007;Waltz and Gold 2007;Ceaser et al 2008;Heerey et al 2008;Weiler et al 2009;Somlai et al 2011), though with some exceptions (Oades 1997;Pantelis et al 1999). Further, individuals with schizophrenia show intact learning rates on the weather prediction task, a probabilistic category-learning task frequently used to measure reinforcement learning, though with overall impaired performance (Keri et al 2000(Keri et al , 2005aWeickert et al 2002Weickert et al , 2009Beninger et al 2003).…”

Section: Reinforcement Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Motivational Deficits in Psychopathology: Similarities and Differences in Depression and Schizophrenia

Deanna¹,

Pagliaccio²,

Luking³

2015

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

188

151

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Motivational and hedonic impairments are core aspects of a variety of types of psychopathology. These impairments cut across diagnostic categories and may be critical to understanding major aspects of the functional impairments accompanying psychopathology. Given the centrality of motivational and hedonic systems to psychopathology, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative includes a "positive valence" systems domain that outlines a number of constructs that may be key to understanding the nature and mechanisms of motivational and hedonic impairments in psychopathology. These component constructs include initial responsiveness to reward, reward anticipation or expectancy, incentive or reinforcement learning, effort valuation, and action selection. Here, we review behavioral and neuroimaging studies providing evidence for impairments in these constructs in individuals with psychosis versus in individuals with depressive pathology. There are important differences in the nature of reward-related and hedonic deficits associated with psychosis versus depression that have major implications for our understanding of etiology and treatment development. In particular, the literature strongly suggests the presence of impairments in in-the-moment hedonics or "liking" in individuals with depressive pathology, particularly among those who experience anhedonia. Such deficits may propagate forward and contribute to impairments in other constructs that are dependent on hedonic responses, such as anticipation, learning, effort, and action selection. Such hedonic impairments could reflect alterations in dopamine and/or opioid signaling in the striatum related to depression or specifically to anhedonia in depressed populations. In contrast, the literature points to relatively intact in-the-moment hedonic processing in psychosis, but provides much evidence for impairments in other components involved in translating reward to action selection. Particularly, individuals with schizophrenia exhibit altered reward prediction and associated striatal and prefrontal activation, impaired reward learning, and impaired reward-modulated action selection.

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General functioning predicts reward and punishment learning in schizophrenia

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Reinforcement learning deficits in people with schizophrenia persist after extended trials

Reinforcement learning deficits in people with schizophrenia persist after extended trials

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Mechanisms Underlying Motivational Deficits in Psychopathology: Similarities and Differences in Depression and Schizophrenia

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