General design of impedance‐varying multi‐way Wilkinson power divider with bandwidth redefinition characteristics

Abstract

In this article, a general design methodology of a multi‐way compact equal split Wilkinson power divider (WPD) with bandwidth redefinition characteristics and planar structure is proposed. Quarter‐wave matching uniform transmission lines in the conventional design are replaced with non‐uniform transmission lines (NTLs) governed by a truncated Fourier series. Even mode analysis is adopted to obtain NTLs with predefined bandwidth functionalities; whereas several isolation resistors are optimized in the odd mode analysis to achieve proper isolation and output ports matching over the frequency range of interest. Compactness is achieved by incorporating only one quarter‐wave wideband NTL transformer, with a length computed at the center frequency, in each arm. Two 3‐way WPDs with different frequency bands (i. e., 5‐9 GHz and 4‐10 GHz) and one 5‐9 GHz 4‐way divider examples are designed and simulated. Furthermore, a wideband 3‐way WPD operating over 4‐10 GHz band is fabricated and measured. Results show input and output ports matching and isolation below −15 dB, and transmission parameters in the range of [–4.9,–6.2] dB and [–6,–7.5] dB across the operating band of the 3‐way and 4‐way WPDs, respectively.

A half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide filtering power divider with Fourier‐varying via holes

“…Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the HM‐SIW WPD. Truncated Fourier series is extensively used in modeling transmission lines due to its design flexibility 15,16 . This flexibility facilitates predefined functionalities and miniaturized structural area that are otherwise not possible with conventional uniform transmission lines.…”

Multiple design approach of dual‐band Wilkinson power divider with arbitrary transmission line ratio

“…Nowadays, the rapid increase of wireless communication leads to a great demand in designing multiband components. [4][5][6] Many dual-band (DB) WPDs have been presented with only resistors, [7][8][9][10][11] open/short-ended stubs, 12,13 or lumped elements. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The WPD topology consisted of two-section transmission lines (TLs) and resistors are proposed in References 7-9, which has limited frequency ratio range (from 1 to 3) due to using equal physical lengths of TLs.…”

“…Conventional WPDs are normally designed and optimized at one single frequency. Nowadays, the rapid increase of wireless communication leads to a great demand in designing multiband components . Many dual‐band (DB) WPDs have been presented with only resistors, open/short‐ended stubs, or lumped elements …”