General conclusion to the special issue Moving forward on individual heterogeneity

Hamel, Sandra; Gaillard, Jean‐Michel; Yoccoz, Nigel G.; Bassar, Ron D; Bouwhuis, Sandra; Caswell, Hal; Douhard, Mathieu; Gangloff, Eric J.; Giménez, Olivier; Lee, Phyllis C.; Smallegange, Isabel M.; Steiner, U.; Vedder, Oscar; Vindenes, Yngvild

doi:10.1111/oik.05223

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, decomposing individual heterogeneity into genetic, environmental and stochastic heterogeneity is challenging in natural populations because of high genetic diversity and complex interactions between genotypes and environments. Furthermore, it is methodologically challenging because the two classical types of models used to quantify the hidden heterogeneity as fixed or dynamic, either based on neutral models or on adaptive selection models, are biased (Plard et al 2012, Cam et al 2013, Bonnet and Postma 2016 see the discussion at the end of this special issue (Hamel et al 2018a) for further thoughts on the neutral variation debate). To circumvent these issues, the authors use individuals of different clonal strains of Escherichia coli grown under controlled and constant environmental conditions.…”

Section: Origin and Maintenance Of Heterogeneity And Its Impacts On Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The special issue ends with some perspectives on the study of individual heterogeneity in ecology and evolution. Following the discussions held during the workshop and the papers presented in this issue, Hamel et al (2018a) present the emerging issues and the challenges that remain to be resolved to further advance our understanding of individual heterogeneity. Gimenez et al (2018) introduce the section on recent methodological developments with a synthesis focused on capture-recapture models.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Introduction to: Individual heterogeneity – the causes and consequences of a fundamental biological process

Hamel

Gaillard

Yoccoz

2018

Oikos

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Section: Origin and Maintenance Of Heterogeneity And Its Impacts On Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to: Individual heterogeneity – the causes and consequences of a fundamental biological process

Hamel

Gaillard

Yoccoz

2018

Oikos

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“…The amount of individual differences within a given population influences its dynamics (Hamel et al . ). Among traits that shape individual differences, age variation strongly influences demographic rates in response to biological factors such as growth, maturation and senescence (Kirkwood & Austad ; Partridge ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The diversity of population responses to environmental change

et al. 2018

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The current extinction and climate change crises pressure us to predict population dynamics with ever‐greater accuracy. Although predictions rest on the well‐advanced theory of age‐structured populations, two key issues remain poorly explored. Specifically, how the age‐dependency in demographic rates and the year‐to‐year interactions between survival and fecundity affect stochastic population growth rates. We use inference, simulations and mathematical derivations to explore how environmental perturbations determine population growth rates for populations with different age‐specific demographic rates and when ages are reduced to stages. We find that stage‐ vs. age‐based models can produce markedly divergent stochastic population growth rates. The differences are most pronounced when there are survival‐fecundity‐trade‐offs, which reduce the variance in the population growth rate. Finally, the expected value and variance of the stochastic growth rates of populations with different age‐specific demographic rates can diverge to the extent that, while some populations may thrive, others will inevitably go extinct.

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“…Recent research has clearly demonstrated the strong influences that individual variation in vital rates can have on population dynamics, demography, and evolutionary processes (Engen et al 2003, Hamel et al 2018. This variation can be caused by differences in the underlying probability of survival and reproduction among individuals or groups (Cam et al 2016) or simply by the stochastic realizations of survival and reproduction based on these probabilities (Engen et al 1998(Engen et al , 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic consequences of harvesting: a case study from a small and isolated moose population

et al. 2022

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Harvesting can have a substantial impact on population dynamics and individual performance in wild populations. While the direct consequences of harvest on individual survival and population growth rate are often apparent, harvesting can also have indirect and more subtle demographic consequences. Disentangling these consequences, however, requires in-depth knowledge of individual life histories of both females and males in the population. Here, we summarise demographic research on a population where such data exist: the Vega moose population in northern Norway. In this population, vital rates vary considerably among both females and males, and harvesting increases this variation by generating positive covariation between reproductive performance and survival. The skewed age and sex structure, which is typical of many harvested populations, also has demographic consequences: it reduces the ratio of effective to total population size and influences variation in vital rates in males and females. The moose harvest at Vega is structured by age- and sex-specific quotas, but it is not intentionally selective regarding size or other phenotypic characteristics. Still, harvest selection for earlier birth rates and larger calves was apparent, likely due to habitat-performance relationships and habitat-specific harvest mortality. Together, the bulk of research on this population shows that harvesting impacts population demography through many different pathways, with some being more subtle than others. These complex pathways influence the demographic variance and affect stochastic processes such as population growth, genetic drift, and rates of evolutionary change, and they must therefore be acknowledged in management plans to achieve sustainable harvesting.

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General conclusion to the special issue Moving forward on individual heterogeneity

Cited by 9 publications

References 92 publications

Introduction to: Individual heterogeneity – the causes and consequences of a fundamental biological process

Introduction to: Individual heterogeneity – the causes and consequences of a fundamental biological process

The diversity of population responses to environmental change

Demographic consequences of harvesting: a case study from a small and isolated moose population

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