Gene Therapy in Oral Cancer: A Review

Kumar, M. Sathish

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2013/5412.3071

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previously, the use of viral vectors to deliver vectors to express functional genes has been applied in different medical fields, including cancer therapy and cardiovascular disease. These oncolytic viral vectors have been demonstrated to be relatively safe due to a selectively to replicate in cancer cells, but not in normal cells (53,54). The benefits of these oncolytic viral vectors are that as they replicate and lyse tumor cells, and functional genes delivered by oncolytic viral vectors strengthen the effects of tumor eradication and inhibit the chance of recurrence (55).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant adenovirus expressing a dendritic cell‑targeted melanoma surface antigen for tumor‑specific immunotherapy in melanoma mice model

Guo

Wang

et al. 2018

Exp Ther Med

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Abstract. Viral vectors represent a potential strategy for the treatment of human malignant tumors. Currently, recombinant adenovirus vectors are commonly used as gene therapy vehicles, as it possesses a proven safety profile in normal human cells. The recombinant adenovirus system has an ability to highly express exogenous genes and increase the stability of the carrier, which is only transiently expressed in the host cell genome, without integrating. Malignant melanoma cells are produced by the skin, and melanocyte tumors that exhibit higher malignant degrees lead to earlier transfer and higher mortality. In the present study, a recombinant adenovirus (rAd) was generated to express Anti-programmed death-1 (rAd-Anti-PD-1) and used to investigate the efficacy in melanoma cells and tumors. The results demonstrated that B16-F10 cell growth was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis incidence rate was markedly promoted following rAd-PD-1 treatment. The present study demonstrated that the production of α and β interferon was increased, which led to the induction of dendritic cell (DCs) maturation in rAd-anti-PD-1-treated mice. The present study indicated that rAd-anti-PD-1 exhibited the ability to generate more cluster of differentiation (CD)4 + CD8 + T cells and induce a PD-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte through DC-targeted surface antigens in mice. This resulted in a further enhanced recognition of melanoma cells due to DCs being targeted by the rAd-anti-PD-1-encoded PD-1. Notably, mice treated with the rAd-anti-PD-1-targeted PD-1 demonstrated an improved protection compared with tumor-bearing mice from the challenge group treated with a recombinant gutless adenovirus and Anti-PD-1. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that targeting the melanoma surface antigens via the rAd-anti-PD-1-infected tumor cells enhanced the ability of recombinant adenovirus to induce a potent tumor-inhibitory effect and antigen-specific immune response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant adenovirus expressing a dendritic cell‑targeted melanoma surface antigen for tumor‑specific immunotherapy in melanoma mice model

Guo

Wang

et al. 2018

Exp Ther Med

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“…Gene therapy is intended to insert genetic material into cancer cells to recompense abnormal genes or to make a beneficial protein. Viruses are genetically engineered into vectors to deliver a gene but do not cause any disease by themselves [ 31 ]. The commonly employed vector in p53 gene therapy in oral cancers is the adenovirus due to its extraordinary predilection for cells lining the upper aerodigestive tract.…”

Section: Genetic Factors and Signaling Pathways Involved In Therapeutic Resistance Of Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Molecular Signaling Pathways in Oral Cancer Associated With Therapeutic Resistance

Usman

Jamal

Teh

et al. 2021

Front. Oral. Health

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Oral cancer is a sub-category of head and neck cancers that primarily initiates in the oral cavity. The primary treatment option for oral cancer remains surgery but it is associated with massive disfigurement, inability to carry out normal oral functions, psycho-social stress and exhaustive rehabilitation. Other treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have their own limitations in terms of toxicity, intolerance and therapeutic resistance. Immunological treatments to enhance the body's ability to recognize cancer tissue as a foreign entity are also being used but they are new and underdeveloped. Although substantial progress has been made in the treatment of oral cancer, its complex heterogeneous nature still needs to be explored, to elucidate the molecular basis for developing resistance to therapeutic agents and how to overcome it, with the aim of improving the chances of patients' survival and their quality of life. This review provides an overview of up-to-date information on the complex role of the major molecules and associated signaling, epigenetic changes, DNA damage repair systems, cancer stem cells and micro RNAs in the development of therapeutic resistance and treatment failure in oral cancer. We have also summarized the current strategies being developed to overcome these therapeutic challenges. This review will help not only researchers but also oral oncologists in the management of the disease and in developing new therapeutic modalities.

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“…In the recent years, cancer is considered as one of the deadliest diseases with frequently fatal complications. [1] The diagnosis of almost 300,000 new cases of oral cancer annually proffers an important worldwide health problem. [2] It is one of the mainly encountered malignant lesions of the oral cavity [3] and the 6 th most common cancer in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genomic guardian: A boon for cancer survival

Asha¹,

Dey²,

Kumar³

et al. 2016

jmrps

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Oral cancer is an alarming health problem globally, with 300,000 cases being newly diagnosed annually. Despite research being aimed to improve treatment with conventional methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy; there is severe morbidity associated with this malignancy. This presents an emerging need to develop advanced treatment options. Recent advances in molecular biology and technology have provided us with unique possibilities for studying aberrations at the genetic level and hence provided the basis for possible treatments such as gene therapy. The definition of gene therapy hence is given as the "alteration or insertion of genetic material into an organism to replace or repair a defect to correct or prevent disease." Employing human tumor suppressor p53 as the target of gene therapy demonstrates great potential in curing squamous cell carcinomas. The functions of tumor suppressor genes can be reinstated with the incorporation of the therapeutic p53 gene into tumor cells. The treatment results are also greatly improved when it is administered with various vectors, most commonly adenoviral delivery. Combination therapy with p53 and chemotherapy provides a synergistic benefit toward the tumor growth suppression and apoptosis and also emphasizes the superiority of intra-arterial administration of this combination as compared to other routes. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review and emphasize the use and purpose of intra-arterial infusion of chemotherapeutics in combination with p53 gene therapy.

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Gene Therapy in Oral Cancer: A Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Recombinant adenovirus expressing a dendritic cell‑targeted melanoma surface antigen for tumor‑specific immunotherapy in melanoma mice model

Recombinant adenovirus expressing a dendritic cell‑targeted melanoma surface antigen for tumor‑specific immunotherapy in melanoma mice model

Major Molecular Signaling Pathways in Oral Cancer Associated With Therapeutic Resistance

The genomic guardian: A boon for cancer survival

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