Gene Technology for Papaya Ringspot Virus Disease Management

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya) is severely damaged by the papaya ringspot virus (PRSV). This review focuses on the development of PRSV resistant transgenic papaya through gene technology. The genetic diversity of PRSV depends upon geographical distribution and the influence of PRSV disease management on a sequence of PRSV isolates. The concept of pathogen-derived resistance has been employed for the development of transgenic papaya, using a coat protein-mediated, RNA-silencing mechanism and replicase gene-mediated transformation for effective PRSV disease management. The development of PRSV-resistant papaya via post-transcriptional gene silencing is a promising technology for PRSV disease management. PRSV-resistant transgenic papaya is environmentally safe and has no harmful effects on human health. Recent studies have revealed that the success of adoption of transgenic papaya depends upon the application, it being a commercially viable product, bio-safety regulatory issues, trade regulations, and the wider social acceptance of the technology. This review discusses the genome and the genetic diversity of PRSV, host range determinants, molecular diagnosis, disease management strategies, the development of transgenic papaya, environmental issues, issues in the adoption of transgenic papaya, and future directions for research.

Resistencia de Vasconcellea cauliflora al Virus de la mancha anular de la papaya-potyvirus (PRSV-P) y su introgresión en Carica papaya

“…Currently, in Hawaii, over 70% of the area devoted to papaya cultivation corresponds to the transgenic hybrids SunUp and Rainbow (Azad et al, 2014). Due to this tendency, countries like Jamaica, Venezuela and Thailand created their own technology to develop genetic materials resistant to PRSV-P endemic strains.…”

“…En Hawaii, actualmente, más del 70% de la superficie dedicada al cultivo de la papaya corresponde a híbridos transgénicos SunUp y Rainbow (Azad et al, 2014). Por esta tendencia, algunos países como Jamaica, Venezuela y Tailandia desarrollaron tecnología propia, con el fin de generar materiales genéticos resistentes a las cepas endé-micas de PRSV-P. En los últimos años la papaya transgénica se ha establecido en Australia, Jamaica, Venezuela, Vietnam, Tailandia, Taiwán y Filipinas (Fermin et al, 2010).…”

“…exhibited compatibility barriers, such as development of F 1 seed without embryo and F 1 seed without endosperm (Mosqueda, 1978). When parents show low compatibility, a protocol is needed to rescue immature hybrid embryos using in vitro tissue culture techniques (Azad et al, 2014).…”

“…These results indicated that the resistance to virus infection is polygenic (Alamery and Drew, 2014 (Mosqueda, 1978). En el caso de que los parentales tengan baja compatibilidad, es necesario contar con un protocolo de rescate de embriones híbridos inmaduros, mediante técnicas de cultivo de tejidos in vitro (Azad et al, 2014).…”

Detecção e análise filogenética de vírus em melancia e construção de novos vetores virais para expressão de proteínas em células de inseto

“…As proteases P1 e HC-Pro autoclivam-se e a NIa está envolvida em seu próprio processo de clivagem em cis e em seis clivagens adicionais em trans, no total de oito a dez peptídeos maduros (Adams et al, 2005; Chung et al, 2008;Azad et al, 2014) (Tabela 2).…”