Gene regulation by antisense transcription: A focus on neurological and cancer diseases

Najafi, Sajad; Tan, Shing Cheng; Raee, Pourya; Rahmati, Yazdan; Asemani, Yahya; Lee, E Hui Clarissa; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Zarrabi, Ali; Aref, Amir Reza; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Kumar, Alan Prem; Ertaş, Yavuz Nuri; Ghani, Sepideh; Aghamiri, Seyed Mahmoud Reza

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112265

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 229 publications

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“…Recently, lncRNAs have attracted considerable attention because of their potential role in modulating of various molecular signaling pathways in cancer therapy [338][339][340][341]. Briefly, lncRNAs are RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides and their function differs depending on their localization in the nucleus or cytoplasm [342,343]. There are five types of lncRNAs and they are able to affect proteins and genes under physiological and pathological conditions [93,[344][345][346][347].…”

Section: Exosomal Long Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling

et al. 2022

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm that can transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This review focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer progression and therapy. We discuss how exosomes are able to modulate components of the tumor microenvironment and influence proliferation and migration rates of cancer cells. We also highlight that, depending on their cargo, exosomes can suppress or promote tumor cell progression and can enhance or reduce cancer cell response to radio- and chemo-therapies. In addition, we describe how exosomes can trigger chronic inflammation and lead to immune evasion and tumor progression by focusing on their ability to transfer non-coding RNAs between cells and modulate other molecular signaling pathways such as PTEN and PI3K/Akt in cancer. Subsequently, we discuss the use of exosomes as carriers of anti-tumor agents and genetic tools to control cancer progression. We then discuss the role of tumor-derived exosomes in carcinogenesis. Finally, we devote a section to the study of exosomes as diagnostic and prognostic tools in clinical courses that is important for the treatment of cancer patients. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of exosomes in cancer therapy, focusing on their therapeutic value in cancer progression and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Exosomal Long Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling

et al. 2022

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“…They play crucial roles in the regulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The dysregulation of ncRNAs has been shown to be closely associated with a variety of diseases, particularly cancer ( 12 – 14 ). For instance, the overexpression of miRNA-200a-3p was found to significantly facilitate cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as induce apoptosis in gastric cancer (GC) by directly targeting DLC-1 ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

Zhou

Jia

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant diseases worldwide, posing a serious, long-term threat to patients’ health and life. Systemic chemotherapy remains the first-line therapeutic approach for recurrent or metastatic cancer patients after surgery, with the potential to effectively extend patient survival. However, the development of drug resistance seriously limits the clinical efficiency of chemotherapy and ultimately results in treatment failure and patient death. A large number of studies have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are widely involved in the regulation of cancer drug resistance. Their dysregulation contributes to the development of cancer drug resistance by modulating the expression of specific target genes involved in cellular apoptosis, autophagy, drug efflux, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, some ncRNAs also possess great potential as efficient, specific biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapeutic targets in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the emerging role and underlying mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in cancer drug resistance and focus on their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. This information will be of great benefit to early diagnosis and prognostic assessments of cancer as well as the development of ncRNA-based therapeutic strategies for cancer patients.

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“…Nowadays, we know that a minority of large genomes in complex eukaryotic organisms encode protein or polypeptide strands, and a majority [for instance, 98% in humans ( Elgar and Vavouri, 2008 )] does not encode for amino acids. This great proportion, formerly called “junk DNA,” however, is mainly [e.g., two thirds of the mammalian genomes ( Mattick, 2001 )] transcribed to thousands of RNA transcripts, including various types of known ncRNAs that are demonstrated to be involved in critical cellular processes through conducting regulatory functions ( Najafi et al, 2022 ). By employment of high-throughput technologies, such as RNA-seq, identification of novel ncRNAs is accelerated, and new members are being introduced constantly ( Taheri et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncogenic Roles of Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 7 (SNHG7) Long Noncoding RNA in Human Cancers and Potentials

Najafi

Ghafouri‐Fard

Hussen

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding transcripts characterized with more than 200 nucleotides of length. Unlike their names, some short open reading frames are recognized for them encoding small proteins. LncRNAs are found to play regulatory roles in essential cellular processes such as cell growth and apoptosis. Therefore, an increasing number of lncRNAs are identified with dysregulation in a wide variety of human cancers. SNHG7 is an lncRNA with upregulation in cancer cells and tissues. It is frequently reported with potency of promoting malignant cell behaviors in vitro and in vivo. Like oncogenic/tumor suppressor lncRNAs, SNHG7 is found to exert its tumorigenic functions through interaction with other biological substances. These include sponging target miRNAs (various numbers are identified), regulation of several signaling pathways, transcription factors, and effector proteins. Importantly, clinical studies demonstrate association between high SNHG7 expression and clinicopathological features in cancerous patients, worse prognosis, and enhanced chemoresistance. In this review, we summarize recent studies in three eras of cell, animal, and human experiments to bold the prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potentials.

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Gene regulation by antisense transcription: A focus on neurological and cancer diseases

Cited by 35 publications

References 229 publications

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications

Oncogenic Roles of Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 7 (SNHG7) Long Noncoding RNA in Human Cancers and Potentials

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