Gene regulation analysis of the effects of evodiamine on tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Objective To use gene chip technology to study the effects of evodiamine (EVO) on the gene expression profile of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) CAL‐27 cell line, for the purpose of analyzing the mechanisms underlying the effects of EVO on gene expression and functional regulation of TSCC cells at the gene level. Method Differentially expressed genes in CAL‐27 cells treated with EVO were detected using gene chip technology and analyzed using ingenuity pathway analysis. Results Microarray results showed that there were 1243 differentially expressed genes following treatment with CAL‐27 cells; 684 genes were upregulated and 559 were downregulated. Classical pathway analysis revealed a total of 89 signal transduction pathways with upregulated gene set enrichment, including lipopolysaccharide/interleukin (IL)‐1‐mediated inhibition of retinoid X receptor (RXR) function, agrin interactions at neuromuscular junctions, cholecystokinin/gastrin‐mediated signaling, toll‐like receptor signaling, and IL‐6 signaling. A total of 39 signal transduction pathways were enriched for the downregulated genes, including interferon signals, liver X receptor/RXR activation signals, and RhoGDI signals. In the disease and function analysis, the upregulated genes were enriched in viral infection, RNA virus replication, viral replication, cancer cell invasion, cell invasion, and other related functions, while downregulated genes were enriched in neuromuscular diseases, and leukocyte differentiation, antiviral response, connective tissue cell death and other functions. Conclusions Gene chip analysis offers an effective means of screening differential gene expression between EVO‐treated TSCCs and controls, thus providing a sound basis for further research.

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“…Considerable research have outlined the vasodilatory effects , cardiovascular advantages, anti-inflammation effects, and potential therapeutic applications in Alzheimer’s disease . Notably, recent studies have discerned the inhibitory effects of EVO on various tumor cells, − supported by its modulation of critical signaling pathways such as NF-κB, mTOR, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK-STAT within tumor cells. − EVO exhibits a multifunctional antitumor profile by inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting cell apoptosis, and impeding invasion and metastasis . Jiang et al also underscore its potential in tumor immunotherapy, as EVO downregulates MUC1-C mRNA, leading to reduced expression of PD-L1 and heightened immune cell infiltration in tumors .…”

Circular RNA circCLK3 promotes the progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma via miR‐455‐5p/PARVA axis

“…Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a highly malignant head and neck cancer 1,2 . The morbidity and mortality of TSCC account for approximately one‐third of oral cancers 3 . The overall prognosis in TSCC patients is poor due to lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis, and tumor metastasis is the major cause for the death of TSCC patients 4,5 .…”

“…tality of TSCC account for approximately one-third of oral cancers. 3 The overall prognosis in TSCC patients is poor due to lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis, and tumor metastasis is the major cause for the death of TSCC patients. 4,5 Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are still main therapies for TSCC.…”

The effects of HBXIP on the biological functions of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and correlation with PI3K/Akt

“…Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the head and neck, accounting for 3% of all malignant tumors ( 1 ). It has high malignancy, easily develops early metastasis; its overall 5-year survival rate ranges between 45–55% ( 2 ), which has hardly changed during the past 30 years ( 3 , 4 ).…”