Gene polymorphisms associated with temperament

Abstract

When individuals are exposed to stressful environmental challenges, the response varies widely in one or more of three components: psychology, behavior and physiology. This variability among individuals can be defined as temperament. In recent years, an increasing large body of evidence suggests that the dimensions of temperament, as well as personality, psychological disorders and behavioral traits, are influenced by genetic factors, and much of the variation appears to involve variation in genes or gene polymorphisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and the behavior-controlling neurotransmitter networks. Here, we review our current understanding of the probabilistic impact of a number of candidate gene polymorphisms that control temperament, psychological disorders and behavioral traits in animals and human, including the gene polymorphisms related to corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) production and adrenal cortisol production involved in the HPA axis, and a large number of gene polymorphisms in the dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter networks. It will very likely to assist in diagnosis and treatment of human relevant disorders, and provide useful contributions to our understanding of evolution, welfare and conservation, for animals in the wild and in production systems. Additionally, investigations of gene-gene and gene-environment complex interactions in humans and animals need further clear illustration.

Genetic control of temperament traits across species: association of autism spectrum disorder risk genes with cattle temperament

“…There is growing empirical evidence that suggests that orthologous genes control complex traits in different mammalian species [29][30][31][32]. For instance, Pryce et al [29] showed that genes associated with height in humans are also associated with stature in cattle.…”

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Thyroid Hormone Transporter Genes MCT8, MCT10 and Deiodinase DIO2 Contribute to Inter-Individual Variance of Executive Functions and Personality Traits

“…Since the SNPs of MCT8, MCT10 and DIO2 are crucial for the function of thyroid hormones, we were interested if they would also influence cognitive functions and personality traits. There are numerous instances in which an influence of polymorphisms, mostly in monoaminergic genes, on both, cognitive processes [38][39][40][41] and personality traits [42][43][44][45] has been shown which motivated our approach. Previous studies have also shown that the amount of variance that can be explained by single polymorphisms is rather modest.…”

Screen media exposure in pre-school children in Turkey: the relation with temperament and the role of parental attitudes

“…32,33 It is also known from previous studies that temperament traits are inherited. 34,35 Therefore, it seems that the easy temperament traits of the parents can limit their internet usage and in this way, their children can also be protected both environmentally and genetically.…”