Gene expression profiling in naïve and vaccinated rainbow trout after Yersinia ruckeri infection: Insights into the mechanisms of protection seen in vaccinated fish

Harun, Nor Omaima; Wang, Tiehui; Secombes, Chris J.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.003

Cited by 107 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Indeed, only a single copy of ACKR2 has been identified in rainbow trout in this report and in Atlantic salmon by Grimholt et al [23]. However the presence of two ACKR2 paralogues in 4R salmonids cannot be excluded at the present time and will need to [35]. HK tissue was collected at varying times post-challenge and real-time PCR analysis performed as described in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…At 24 h post-infection with a pathogenic strain of Y. ruckeri, the expression of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a and IFN-g, is known to be highly upregulated in immune organs such as the kidney [35,36]. The increased expression of trout ACKR2 in the HK at this time may be indicative of negative regulation of the inflammatory response at this stage of the infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following infection of trout with the common Gram-negative bacterial fish pathogen, Y. ruckeri [35], the expression level of ACKR2 in HK was significantly increased (2.2-fold) at 24 h relative to time matched control fish, but stayed at the same level as the time-matched controls at 6 h, 48 h and 72 h (Fig. 5A).…”

Section: Expression Of Trout Ackr2 After Bacterial and Parasite Infecmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bacterial infection: A pathogenic strain (MT3072) of the Gramnegative salmonid pathogen, Yersinia ruckeri [35] was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into fish at 1 Â 10 6 cfu in 0.5 ml PBS, as described previously [36].…”

Section: Expression Of Trout Ackr2 During Bacterial and Parasitic Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and expression analysis of an atypical chemokine receptor-2 (ACKR2)/CC chemokine binding protein-2 (CCBP2) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Qi¹,

Jiang

Holland

et al. 2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expression Of Trout Ackr2 After Bacterial and Parasite Infecmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Expression Of Trout Ackr2 During Bacterial and Parasitic Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification and expression analysis of an atypical chemokine receptor-2 (ACKR2)/CC chemokine binding protein-2 (CCBP2) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Qi¹,

Jiang

Holland

et al. 2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…with 1 × 10 6 CFU in 0.5 mL PBS, as described previously [29,49]. A control group was injected with PBS only (0.5 mL/fish).…”

Section: Bacterial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression, modulation and bioactivity of distinct fish IL‐12 isoforms: Implication towards the evolution of Th1‐like immune responses

2014

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IL-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of an α-chain (p35) and a β-chain (p40). Primarily produced by APCs, IL-12 induces IFN-γ production in T, B and NK cells. IL-12 drivesTh1-cell differentiation and IFN-γ secretion to promote cell-mediated immunity, which is essential in the defence against intracellular pathogens. The importance of IL-12 in Th1 responses is echoed by its targeted suppression by intracellular pathogens evading cell-mediated immunity. IL-12 subunits have been identified recently in fish, although reported bioactivities are limited to higher vertebrates. Here, we report the cloning of a p35 gene and two divergent p40 genes (p40b and p40c), capable of producing two functional IL-12 isoforms (p35/p40b and p35/p40c) in rainbow trout. Trout IL-12 isoforms possess distinct bioactivities with respect to the induction of IFN-γ, IL-10 and p40c expression. Trout IL-12 isoforms are differentially expressed and modulated in vivo, exhibiting specific gene expression profiles in bacterial, viral and parasitic infection models, and in vitro in stimulated macrophage and leucocyte cultures. These data imply that alternative or additional pathogen-specific Th-like cell populations may exist in fish. This study will facilitate a broader understanding of the evolutionary processes driving host-pathogen interactions and Th1-like immune responses in lower vertebrates.Keywords: Bioactivity r IL-12 r Infection r Rainbow trout r Th1 immune responses Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site Introduction IL-12 is a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the IL-12 family of composite heterodimeric cytokines, with each member consisting of one of three α-chains (p35, p28 and p19) and one of two β-chains (p40 and Ebi3). Structurally related to the IL-6 ligand and receptor families, each chain in mammals is encoded by a single gene [1][2][3][4][5]. Currently, the IL-12 family consists of four cytokine members each with a unique α/β subunit pairing, namely, IL-12 (p35/p40), Correspondence: Dr. Tiehui Wang e-mail: t.h.wang@abdn.ac.uk (p19/p40), IL-27 (p28/Ebi3) and IL-35 (p35/Ebi3), all of which are known to have key roles in the regulation of T-cell responses [2,3,6].Also known as NK-cell stimulatory factor [7] and cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor [8], IL-12 is produced primarily by APCs, such as macrophages and DCs, and has been shown to have direct proliferative and cytolytic activities towards pre-activated T cells and NK cells [7][8][9]. IL-12 is a major player in the activation of innate immunity and in the induction of IFN-γ, the cytokine that defines Th1-type immune responses in higher vertebrates. In doing so, IL-12 acts as a crucial molecular switch between innate and adaptive immunity driving Th1 cell differentiation and expansion, whilst inhibiting IL-4 and antagonising Th2 responses [2,3,6,10]. Eur. J. Immunol. 2014Immunol. . 44: 1541Immunol. -1551 Hence, IL-12 is an important prerequisite for the effective clearance of mostly intrace...

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Impact of Vaccination and Pathogen Exposure Dosage on Shedding Kinetics of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV) in Rainbow Trout

2020

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Vaccine efficacy in preventing clinical disease has been well characterized. However, vaccine impacts on transmission under diverse field conditions, such as variable pathogen exposure dosages, are not fully understood. We evaluated the impacts of vaccination on disease‐induced host mortality and shedding of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish, in up to three different genetic lines, were exposed to different dosages of IHNV to simulate field variability. Mortality and viral shedding of each individual fish were quantified over the course of infection. As the exposure dosage increased, mortality, number of fish shedding virus, daily virus quantity shed, and total amount of virus shed also increased. Vaccination significantly reduced mortality but had a much smaller impact on shedding, such that vaccinated fish still shed significant amounts of virus, particularly at higher viral exposure dosages. These studies demonstrate that the consideration of pathogen exposure dosage and transmission are critical for robust inference of vaccine efficacy.

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Gene expression profiling in naïve and vaccinated rainbow trout after Yersinia ruckeri infection: Insights into the mechanisms of protection seen in vaccinated fish

Cited by 107 publications

References 56 publications

Identification and expression analysis of an atypical chemokine receptor-2 (ACKR2)/CC chemokine binding protein-2 (CCBP2) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Identification and expression analysis of an atypical chemokine receptor-2 (ACKR2)/CC chemokine binding protein-2 (CCBP2) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Differential expression, modulation and bioactivity of distinct fish IL‐12 isoforms: Implication towards the evolution of Th1‐like immune responses

Impact of Vaccination and Pathogen Exposure Dosage on Shedding Kinetics of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV) in Rainbow Trout

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