Gene expression profiling and multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of bullous pemphigoid immune‐related adverse event reveal upregulation of toll‐like receptor 4/complement‐induced innate immune response and increased density of TH1 T‐cells
Abstract:Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based cancer therapies cause a variety of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including immunobullous skin eruptions like bullous pemphigoid (BP). However, little is known about the underlying immunopathogenic drivers of these reactions, and understanding the unique gene expression profile and immune composition of BP-irAE remains a critical knowledge gap in the field of oncodermatology/oncodermatopathology. Methods: BP-irAE (n = 8) and de novo BP contr… Show more
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