Gene Expression of Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in the Rat Brain

Kato, Junzo; Hirata, Shuji; Nozawa, Akira; Yamada-Mouri, Naoko

doi:10.1006/hbeh.1994.1043

Cited by 122 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1C). Consistent with previous reports (Parsons et al, 1982;Kato et al, 1994), PR-immunoreactive neurons were observed in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and neocortex in WT mice, but PR immunoreactivity was undetectable in the brains of PRKO mice (Fig. 1D), confirming a deletion of PRs in the brain.…”

Section: Neuroendocrine and Hippocampus Morphological Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…PRs are expressed in the brain with high levels in the hypothalamus and moderate levels in the limbic areas (Parsons et al, 1982;Auger and De Vries, 2002). PRs are widely distributed in the hippocampus (Kato et al, 1994;Alves et al, 2000;Brinton et al, 2008), but their physiological significance remains unclear. The seizure protection of P is undiminished in PR knock-out (PRKO) mice and occurs mainly by its conversion to 5␣-pregnane-3␣-ol-20-one [allopregnanolone (AP)], a neurosteroid modulator of GABA A receptors (Reddy et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development and Persistence of Limbic Epileptogenesis Are Impaired in Mice Lacking Progesterone Receptors

Reddy¹,

Mohan²

2011

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Neuroendocrine and Hippocampus Morphological Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Persistence of Limbic Epileptogenesis Are Impaired in Mice Lacking Progesterone Receptors

Reddy¹,

Mohan²

2011

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These findings were confirmed for protein expression in the isoformspecific mice but not WT mice due to technical limitations. In contrast to individual neurons, the ratio shifted toward favoring PR-B in punched-out VMN tissue, a finding consistent with that in rat MBH (Kato et al 1994, Guerra-Araiza et al 2000. The present study does not determine whether PR-A acts as an inhibitor of PR-B activity by forming heterodimers with PR-B in WT cells (Graham & Clarke 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Hypothalamic progesterone receptor-A mediates gonadotropin surges, self priming and receptivity in estrogen-primed female mice

White

Sheffer²,

Teeter³

et al. 2007

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ovarian progesterone (Prog) is an essential steroid hormone for the secretion of GnRH and reproductive behavior. It exerts primary effects through the progesterone receptor (PR). When analyzed separately in vitro, PR isoforms (PR-A, PR-B) display striking differences in transcriptional activity. The present study was undertaken to determine the in vivo impact of each isoform on hypothalamic function in female mice with ablation of a single isoform, either PR-A or PR-B. To this end, we used single-cell RNA analyses, reverse transcriptase real-time (q)PCR mRNA analyses of punched-out tissue, immunohistochemistry, and reproductive behavior. We provide evidence for the requirement of PR-A in individual ventrolateral ventromedial nucleus (vlVMN) neurons for Prog-facilitated proceptive and receptive behaviors in estrogen benzoate (EB)-primed females and the reciprocal male interactions. We clarify histological and molecular mechanisms of PR isoform activity by showing that (1) PR-A is predominant in individual vlVMN neurons controlling female lordosis circuitry, whilst (2) PR-B is predominant in those VMN subdivisions that provide for amplification of PR-A activity. We go on to demonstrate that PR-A is dominant in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus but not the arcuate nucleus that feed fibers into and around the VMN. In the medial preoptic area, high levels of GnRH RNA in EB-primed PR-A-expressing mice were seen coincident with increased plasma LH levels. Two consecutive GnRH pulses enhanced LH only in primed PR-A-expressing females. In all, the findings are consistent with the hypothesis that hypothalamic PR-A-mediated genomic activities result in reproductive behavior coordinated with ovulation.

show abstract

“…Similarly, in the rat hippocampus and olfactory bulb, E 2 induces PRA isoform expression, whereas P 4 does not affect the expression of any PR isoforms [43;44]. In rodents, PR is present in the ventromedial hypothalamus [73]. Auger et al have reported PR-immunoreactive cells within the preoptic area, the ventromedial and dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, and the arcuate nucleus of the female rat [72].…”

Section: Localization Of Progesterone Receptors In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone receptors: Form and function in brain

Brinton

Thompson

Foy

et al. 2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

559

443

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emerging data indicate that progesterone has multiple non-reproductive functions in the central nervous system to regulate cognition, mood, inflammation, mitochondrial function, neurogenesis and regeneration, myelination and recovery from traumatic brain injury. Progesterone-regulated neural responses are mediated by an array of progesterone receptors (PR) that include the classic nuclear PRA and PRB receptors and splice variants of each, the seven transmembrane domain 7TMPRβ and the membrane-associated 25-Dx PR (PGRMC1). These PRs induce classic regulation of gene expression while also transducing signaling cascades that originate at the cell membrane and ultimately activate transcription factors. Remarkably, PRs are broadly expressed throughout the brain and can be detected in every neural cell type. The distribution of PRs beyond hypothalamic borders, suggests a much broader role of progesterone in regulating neural function. Despite the large body of evidence regarding progesterone regulation of reproductive behaviors and estrogen-inducible responses as well as effects of progesterone metabolite neurosteroids, much remains to be discovered regarding the functional outcomes resulting from activation of the complex array of PRs in brain by gonadally and / or glial derived progesterone. Moreover, the impact of clinically used progestogens and developing selective PR modulators for targeted outcomes in brain is a critical avenue of investigation as the non-reproductive functions of PRs have far-reaching implications for hormone therapy to maintain neurological health and function throughout menopausal aging.

show abstract

Gene Expression of Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in the Rat Brain

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Development and Persistence of Limbic Epileptogenesis Are Impaired in Mice Lacking Progesterone Receptors

Development and Persistence of Limbic Epileptogenesis Are Impaired in Mice Lacking Progesterone Receptors

Hypothalamic progesterone receptor-A mediates gonadotropin surges, self priming and receptivity in estrogen-primed female mice

Progesterone receptors: Form and function in brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About