Gene expression of multidrug-resistant ATP-binding cassette transporter (MDR1/ABCB1) in bovine mastitis

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the expression of multidrug-resistant ATP binding cassette transporter Pglycoprotein (MDR1/ABCB1/P-gp) in mastitis and its correlation with the expression of apoptosis regulation. Methods: Mastitic and normal mammary gland samples were collected after clinical examination and confirmed using field California mastitis test. Total RNA was extracted followed by cDNA synthesis and real-time PCR to detect the expression pattern of P-gp. Tissue sections were examined for pathological changes and immune reactivity to the apoptotic regulator, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX). Results: Stained sections from mastitic samples showed congestion, infiltration of inflammatory cells and hemorrhage. Using immunohistochemistry, it was shown that mastitis is associated with overexpression of the apoptosis regulator, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX). There was increased expression of the pro-apoptotic factor, Bax, in mastitic alveolar lining and lactic tubules compared with normal mammary gland tissues. Using real-time PCR, the expression level of MDR1/ABCB1 was determined to be 2.6-fold higher in mastitic tissues than in normal mammary tissues. Conclusion: Higher MDR1/P-gp level can modulate drug interventions by preventing intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutics or anti-inflammatories via continuous efflux or export to extracellular fluids.

Unveiling the Effect of Particle Incorporation in PEO Coatings on the Corrosion and Wear Performance of Magnesium Implants

“…These hydrophilic particles offer tailored solutions for optimizing the wettability of PEO coatings, ensuring their suitability for biomedical implants where interactions with physiological fluids and tissues necessitate hydrophilic surface properties [126]. Pioneering strides have also been made in tissue regeneration, with nanoparticles bearing growth factors and other bioactive molecules that serve as catalysts for tissue rejuvenation and heighten the implant's overall performance [127][128][129][130]. The selection of In the PEO of magnesium, an array of solid particles could be thoughtfully integrated into the electrolyte to yield distinctive enhancements.…”

“…Pioneering strides have also been made in tissue regeneration, with nanoparticles bearing growth factors and other bioactive molecules that serve as catalysts for tissue rejuvenation and heighten the implant's overall performance [127][128][129][130]. The selection of particles is inherently dictated by the PEO process's unique objectives and the magnesium implant's intended application.…”