Gene expression of leptin, leptin receptor, prolactin receptor and whey acidic protein in mammary glands of late-pregnant gilts from two breeds

Palin, Marie‐France; Beaudry, Diane; Farmer, C.

doi:10.4141/a04-026

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The first indication that leptin might be involved in mammary gland development was provided by leptindeficient obese mice (ob/ob) that had near-complete absence of mammary epithelial development (Hu et al, 2002). The presence of LEP and leptin receptor transcripts in mammary parenchymal tissue from gilts and the positive association between parenchymal tissue weight and LEP mRNA abundance in Upton-Meishan gilts further suggested a putative role for leptin in mammary gland development (Palin et al, 2004). In the current study, there was a decrease in LEP mRNA abundance in the mammary parenchymal tissue of TRT gilts, but this was not accompanied by decreases in parenchymal weight or in circulating concentrations of leptin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the plant extract silymarin on prolactin concentrations, mammary gland development, and oxidative stress in gestating gilts1

Farmer

Lapointe

Palin

2014

Journal of Animal Science

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The impacts of supplementing the diet of gestating gilts twice daily with 4 g of the plant extract silymarin on circulating hormonal concentrations, oxidative status, mammary development, and mammary gene expression at the end of gestation were determined. Gilts were fed conventional diets during gestation and on d 90 they were assigned as controls (CTL; n = 16) or treated (TRT; n = 17) animals. Treatment consisted of providing 4 g of silymarin twice daily until d 110, at which time all gilts were slaughtered to collect mammary tissue for compositional analyses and measures of gene expression and oxidative status, and liver and corpora lutea for measures of oxidative stress variables. Blood samples for hormonal assays and evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers were obtained on d 89, 94, and 109 of gestation. Silymarin increased (P = 0.05) circulating concentrations of prolactin over all samples in the repeated in time analysis. In separate analyses for each sampling time, prolactin concentrations in TRT gilts tended (P < 0.10) to be greater than in CTL gilts on d 94 of gestation. Repeated in time analysis also revealed that silymarin reduced (P ≤ 0.05) plasmatic accumulation of biomarkers of oxidative damage to protein (protein carbonyls) between d 89 and 109. There was no effect (P > 0.10) of treatment on progesterone, estradiol, leptin, or 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations. Percent fat in mammary parenchyma was greater (P ≤ 0.05), percent protein was lesser (P ≤ 0.05), and concentrations of both RNA (P ≤ 0.01) and DNA (P < 0.05) were lesser in TRT than CTL gilts. Mammary parenchyma from TRT gilts had lower (P ≤ 0.05) mRNA abundance for STAT5A and leptin and tended to have lower (P ≤ 0.10) abundance for STAT5B than CTL gilts. Silymarin reduced (P ≤ 0.001) protein carbonyls concentrations in liver of TRT gilts. No effect of treatment was observed on antioxidant gene expression and enzymatic activities in liver samples while total superoxide dismutase activity tended to be higher (P ≤ 0.10) in the corpora lutea of TRT animals when compared with CTL. This is the first demonstration that, in female pigs, silymarin can increase prolactin concentrations and protect against oxidative stress, yet the increase in prolactin was not enough to have beneficial effects on mammary gland development in late gestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the plant extract silymarin on prolactin concentrations, mammary gland development, and oxidative stress in gestating gilts1

Farmer

Lapointe

Palin

2014

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Species differences may explain the lack of effect of milk yield on STAT5 mRNA abundance and the potential remains for STAT5 function to be altered at the protein level given the important role of phosphorylation on the activity of STAT5. Similarly, mammary parenchymal weight was related to WAP gene expression in mammary tissue from Yorkshire gilts at the end of gestation (Palin et al 2004), yet there was no relationship between WAP expression and milk yield at the end of lactation in the present study. Even though WAP is present in sow milk (Simpson et al 1996), its role in mammary function is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 39%

“…More specifically, mRNA levels for leptin (Palin et al 2004) and STAT5A (Palin et al 2002) were greater in mammary tissue from Upton-Meishan than from Yorkshire sows. Furthermore, mRNA levels for numerous genes were positively correlated with mammary parenchymal weight (Palin et al 2004), which is an important determinant of lactation potential. The current study was therefore conducted to determine the possible relation between overall sow milk yield (estimated by the average piglet weight gains in lactation), and expression of selected genes, mammary development of functional glands and hormonal status of sows.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, mammary-specific over-expression of an insulin-like growth-factor-I transgene had no effect on sow milk yield or composition (Monaco et al 2005). The expression of certain genes within the mammary parenchyma of sows at the end of gestation differs between a standard white breed and a Chinese-derived breed (Upton-Meishan) known for its high milking potential (Palin et al 2004). More specifically, mRNA levels for leptin (Palin et al 2004) and STAT5A (Palin et al 2002) were greater in mammary tissue from Upton-Meishan than from Yorkshire sows.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of certain genes within the mammary parenchyma of sows at the end of gestation differs between a standard white breed and a Chinese-derived breed (Upton-Meishan) known for its high milking potential (Palin et al 2004). More specifically, mRNA levels for leptin (Palin et al 2004) and STAT5A (Palin et al 2002) were greater in mammary tissue from Upton-Meishan than from Yorkshire sows. Furthermore, mRNA levels for numerous genes were positively correlated with mammary parenchymal weight (Palin et al 2004), which is an important determinant of lactation potential.…”

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Greater milk yield is related to increased DNA and RNA content but not to mRNA abundance of selected genes in sow mammary tissue

Farmer¹,

Palin²,

Hovey³

2010

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2010. Greater milk yield is related to increased DNA and RNA content but not to mRNA abundance of selected genes in sow mammary tissue. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 379Á388. The relationship between greater sow milk yield and mammary development, expression of selected genes in mammary tissue and hormonal concentrations in lactating sows was studied. Crossbred sows were separated in two groups according to the weight gains of their piglets up to day 21. The groups were: (1) lower milk yield (LOW, n 014) and (2) higher milk yield (HI, n 014), representing lactation weight gains of 4.46 and 5.25 kg pig(1 , respectively. Jugular blood samples were obtained from all sows on day 3 (for prolactin determination) and day 23 (for measures of prolactin, leptin, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids) of lactation, and milk samples were collected on days 3 and 22. At weaning (day 23), sows were slaughtered and their mammary glands were collected, dissected and composition was determined. Mammary parenchymal tissue was analyzed for the mRNA abundance of selected genes. Hormone concentrations in blood did not differ between groups (P0.1) and on day 3 of lactation, dry matter and leptin contents in milk were lower (PB0.05) in HI than in LOW sows. There was more DNA and RNA per teat in HI than LOW sows (PB0.05), whereas the expression of selected genes within mammary tissue was unaffected (P0.1) by production group. Significant correlations (PB0.01) existed between average weight gain of piglets during lactation and mammary RNA and DNA, expressed either as total amount or amount per teat, at weaning. Sow milk yield is therefore related to mammary gland composition in late lactation.

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Transcript Abundances of the Prolactin Receptor, the Leptin Receptor and their Major Suppressor in the Sheep Mammary Gland During Pregnancy and Lactation

Szczęsna

Kirsz

Nowakowski

et al. 2020

Annals of Animal Science

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AbstractThis study aimed to expand the knowledge of the interactions between prolactin (PRL) and leptin in the ovine mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation; we examined the mRNA expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR), the long form of the leptin receptor (LRb) and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 in mammary gland biopsies collected on days 60, 90 and 120 of pregnancy and on days 30, 60 and 90 of lactation (n = 6 for each time point), along with the plasma PRL and leptin concentrations. The PRL concentrations were stable throughout pregnancy and increased during lactation. The plasma leptin concentrations were comparable among nonpregnant, early-pregnant, late-pregnant and lactating ewes, but this metric peaked during mid-pregnancy. Expression of PRLR and SOCS-3 in the mammary gland fluctuated during the transition from pregnancy to lactation, and differences in LRb expression occurred during the late stages of lactation. The LRb transcript abundance was approximately 31 times higher in ewes on day 60 of lactation than in early-lactating ewes. Expression of SOCS-3 mRNA in biopsies gradually decreased over the course of pregnancy and reached a minimum value during late pregnancy. After lambing, the transcript level of SOCS-3 increased and peaked on day 60 of lactation. During pregnancy, the plasma PRL concentration positively correlated with the abundances of PRLR (r = 0.971, P < 0.01) and SOCS-3 (r = 0.818, P < 0.05). Positive correlations were also observed between the transcript abundances of SOCS-3 and LRb (r = 0.854, P < 0.05). The variations observed in the plasma PRL and leptin concentrations and the changes in expression of key leptin and PRL signal transduction pathway components, such as PRLR, LRb and SOCS-3, indicate that the efficacies of both hormone actions are modulated in a multilevel manner throughout pregnancy and lactation. These interactions may regulate the ability of the mammary gland to respond to current energy requirements and challenges, thus affecting milk yield and lactation duration.

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Gene expression of leptin, leptin receptor, prolactin receptor and whey acidic protein in mammary glands of late-pregnant gilts from two breeds

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of the plant extract silymarin on prolactin concentrations, mammary gland development, and oxidative stress in gestating gilts1

Effects of the plant extract silymarin on prolactin concentrations, mammary gland development, and oxidative stress in gestating gilts1

Greater milk yield is related to increased DNA and RNA content but not to mRNA abundance of selected genes in sow mammary tissue

Transcript Abundances of the Prolactin Receptor, the Leptin Receptor and their Major Suppressor in the Sheep Mammary Gland During Pregnancy and Lactation

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