Gene Expression of Cold Shock and Other Stress-Related Genes in Vibrio vulniflcus Grown in Pure Culture under Shellstock Temperature Control Conditions

Limthammahisorn, Suttinee; Brady, Yolanda J.; Arias, Covadonga R.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-71.1.157

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Lack of csp1 expression occurred throughout the study period. By contrast, our previous in vitro study showed that under the same cold shock conditions, csp1 was constitutively expressed (Limthammahisorn et al. 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…2000) and our results confirm this finding. Recently, we have shown that under optimal temperature conditions, V. vulnificus could multiply from 10 4 to 10 9 CFU ml −1 in 10 h (Limthammahisorn et al. 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cDNA was synthesized using a cDNA synthesis kit (Amersham Biosciences) following manufacturer’s instruction. Gene expression in V. vulnificus cells was investigated using RT‐PCR according to Limthammahisorn et al. (2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1999; Quevedo et al. 2005; Limthammahisorn et al. 2008) although most of these studies focused on the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state induced in V. vulnificus when subjected to unfavourable conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivogene expression of cold shock and other stress-related genes inVibrio vulnificusduring shellstock temperature control conditions in oysters

Limthammahisorn

Brady

Arias

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To determine Vibrio vulnificus response to shellstock refrigeration conditions while the bacterium was embedded in oysters (in vivo). Methods and Results: Depurated oysters were artificially inoculated with V. vulnificus. Several cold‐shock conditions were examined according to the National Sanitation Shellfish Program guidelines. Culturability of cells along the refrigeration period was measured using specific colony dot‐blot. Gene expression of putative cold‐shock genes (csp1, csp3, csp4 and csp5) as well as three stress‐related genes (rpoS, oxyR and katG) was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Vibrio vulnificus exhibited a decline in cell viability after cold shock but a cold adaptation response was observed when oysters were kept at suboptimal (15°C) temperatures. 16SrRNA, and rpoS genes were constitutively expressed while expression of csp genes varied among strains and time points. Conclusions: Vibrio vulnificus culturability was reduced after oysters were subjected to shellstock refrigeration conditions. When V. vulnificus was allowed to acclimate to cold temperatures, its survival after cold shock was higher. None of the cold shock genes analysed behaved as csp type I genes. Significance and Impact of the Study: A model for artificially inoculated specific strains of V. vulnificus into oysters has been established. For the first time, V. vulnficus gene expression was assessed with the pathogen embedded in oysters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivogene expression of cold shock and other stress-related genes inVibrio vulnificusduring shellstock temperature control conditions in oysters

Limthammahisorn

Brady

Arias

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…Similar to our findings, Smirnova, Zakirova, and Oktyabrskii (34) reported that the response of E. coli to a shift in temperature from 37 to 20°C within 10 min resembled oxidative stress responses, resulting in an upregulation of sodA, but no change in katG that is controlled by oxyR. Results from another study showed that the levels of oxyR expression in four Vibrio vulnificus strains were elevated by cold shock at 4°C, whereas transcription levels of katG were slightly changed in all strains but at different exposure times (35). In our study, rpoS and oxyR were upregulated in S. Saintpaul in response to chilling and starvation conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Kim

Yuk

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study was to elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of 405 Ϯ 5-nm light-emitting diode (LED) illumination against Salmonella at 4°C in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by determining endogenous coproporphyrin content, DNA oxidation, damage to membrane function, and morphological change. Gene expression levels, including of oxyR, recA, rpoS, sodA, and soxR, were also examined to understand the response of Salmonella to LED illumination. The results showed that Salmonella strains responded differently to LED illumination, revealing that S. enterica serovar Enteritidis (ATCC 13076) and S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Saintpaul (ATCC 9712) were more susceptible and resistant, respectively, than the 16 other strains tested. There was no difference in the amounts of endogenous coproporphyrin in the two strains. Compared with that in nonilluminated cells, the DNA oxidation levels in illuminated cells increased. In illuminated cells, we observed a loss of efflux pump activity, damage to the glucose uptake system, and changes in membrane potential and integrity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a disorganization of chromosomes and ribosomes due to LED illumination. The levels of the five genes measured in the nonilluminated and illuminated S. Saintpaul cells were upregulated in PBS at a set temperature of 4°C, indicating that increased gene expression levels might be due to a temperature shift and nutrient deficiency rather than to LED illumination. In contrast, only oxyR in S. Enteritidis cells was upregulated. Thus, different sensitivities of the two strains to LED illumination were attributed to differences in gene regulation.IMPORTANCE Bacterial inactivation using visible light has recently received attention as a safe and environmentally friendly technology, in contrast with UV light, which has detrimental effects on human health and the environment. This study was designed to understand how 405 Ϯ 5-nm light-emitting diode (LED) illumination kills Salmonella strains at refrigeration temperature. The data clearly demonstrated that the effectiveness of LED illumination on Salmonella strains depended highly on the serotype and strain. Our findings also revealed that its antibacterial mechanism was mainly attributed to DNA oxidation and a loss of membrane functions rather than membrane lipid peroxidation, which has been proposed by other researchers who studied the antibacterial effect of LED illumination by adding exogenous photosensitizers, such as chlorophyllin and hypericin. Therefore, this study suggests that the detailed antibacterial mechanisms of 405-nm LED illumination without additional photosensitizers may differ from that by exogenous photosensitizers. Furthermore, a change in stress-related gene regulation may alter the susceptibility of Salmonella cells to LED illumination at refrigeration temperature. Thus, our study provides new insights into the antibacterial mechanism of 405 Ϯ 5-nm LED illumination on Salmonella cells.

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Evaluation of Global Gene Expression During Cold Shock in the Human Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus

Wood

Arias

2011

Mar Biotechnol

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Vibrio vulnificus can adapt to cold temperatures by changing the expression profiles of certain genes and their resulting proteins. In this study, the complete V. vulnificus transcriptome was analyzed under cold shock by looking at gene expression changes occurring during the shift from 35°C to 4°C. A DNA microarray-based global transcript profiling of V. vulnificus showed that 165 genes out of 4,488 altered their expression profiles by more than twofold. From 35°C to 10°C, an overall gene repression was observed while changes occurring below 10°C mainly resulted in upregulation. The highest induction observed occurred in two of the five categorized cold-shock genes, cspA and cspB, which showed a complementary expression pattern during cold shock suggesting a homologous role. Other genes showing a significant fold increase included ribosomal genes, protein folding regulators, and membrane genes. Repressions were observed in all orthologous groups. Genes with top fold changes in repression include those coding for catalytic enzymes responsible for non temperature-related stress regulation. These included antioxidants, sugar uptake, and amino acid scavengers. V. vulnificus maintained a high level of cspA and cspB transcripts during the entire experiment suggesting that these class I cold-shock genes are required beyond the initial phase of the acclimation period.

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Gene Expression of Cold Shock and Other Stress-Related Genes in Vibrio vulniflcus Grown in Pure Culture under Shellstock Temperature Control Conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

In vivogene expression of cold shock and other stress-related genes inVibrio vulnificusduring shellstock temperature control conditions in oysters

In vivogene expression of cold shock and other stress-related genes inVibrio vulnificusduring shellstock temperature control conditions in oysters

Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Evaluation of Global Gene Expression During Cold Shock in the Human Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus

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