Gene expression noise in a complex artificial toxin expression system

Goetz, Alexandra; Mäder, Andreas; Bronk, Benedikt von; Weiß, Anna S.; Opitz, Madeleine

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227249

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The plasmid DNA in cell‐free system allows open design of gene networks and thus could be manipulated to study gene expression noise. [ 88 ] Rather than single‐reporter system that reflects the accumulation of intrinsic and extrinsic noises, the landmark work by Elowitz et al. offers a robust method to characterize the correlations between two genes.…”

Section: Gene Expression Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Advances of Cell‐Free Systems toward Artificial Cells

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

models have attracted considerable attentions in order to unravel the inherent complexity. Although engineering modern cells has achieved some progress, [2] the arbitrary elimination of genomic information could probably remove some distinguished characteristics (top-down strategy). Building chemical systems that resemble the structure and behaviors of living cells by stepwise integration of pivotal components is also conceivable (bottom-up strategy). [3] These synthetic systems with biomimetic cellularity provide conceptual pathway from inanimate matter to artificial life, which are often known as artificial cells. [4] Due to the lack of full comprehension about the molecular mechanism of living cells, laborious reconstitution of complicated networks would be difficult and the disparities of protein behaviors in the artificial cells have been observed. Herein, we prefer to construct artificial cells by preserving certain endogenous machinery already existing in living cells. Such principle is conducible for maintaining essential features of living cells while leaving design space for synthetic biologists to study specific cellular behavior in bottom-up manner. [5] Cell-free system, also referred to as in vitro transcription and translation system is a universal toolbox to study the organisms of cell biology. [6] Cell-free extracts inherit most of the endogenous machinery including functional macromolecules as well as metabolic networks and the addition of desired resources could initiate coupled protein expressions. Indeed, the first appearance of cell-free systems could date back to 1961 when Nirenberg and Matthaei deciphered the genetic codes. [7] Featured by the accessible utilization of molecular machinery, cellfree systems could circumvent the frangibility and membrane barrier of biological cells. The transformative development of protein synthesis using recombinant elements (PURE) system with well-defined components greatly enhances the systemic manipulation and controllability. [8] In principle, the quintessence behind cell-free system is the central dogma that reflects the flow of genetic information, from plasmid DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA), to eventually make functional proteins. As such, artificial cells encapsulated with cell-free system could serve as the valuable candidate to construct numerous biological processes. [9] The powerful ability of protein expressions, which is deprived in other synthetic systems, offers advantageous scenario for enzymatic processes that are also guided by flexible and programmable regulations of gene circuit. [10] The execution of larger genetic programs could further permit the construction of complex biochemical systems. [11] More importantly, Artificial cells that mimic the architectural and functional characteristics of living cells not only shed light on the physical principle of life but also facilitate development in the areas such as cell engineering and biomedicine. Cell-free systems carry out the central dogma that refers to the transcription and translation ...

show abstract

Section: Gene Expression Noisementioning

confidence: 99%